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The problem is related to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and asks to calculate the allele frequencies, specifically **p** and **q**, in a population of beetles based on the number of beetles with long and short antennae.

Given:
- Long antennae (B) is dominant.
- Short antennae (b) is recessive.
- 90 beetles have long antennae.
- 10 beetles have short antennae.
  
Steps to solve:

1. **Short Antennae Beetles (bb)**:
   These are the homozygous recessive beetles, so the frequency of the **bb** genotype represents \( q^2 \). Given that 10 beetles have short antennae:
   \[
   q^2 = \frac{10}{100} = 0.1
   \]
   So, to find \( q \), take the square root of 0.1:
   \[
   q = \sqrt{0.1} \approx 0.316
   \]

2. **Frequency of Allele B (p)**:
   Since \( p + q = 1 \), we can calculate \( p \) as:
   \[
   p = 1 - q = 1 - 0.316 = 0.684
   \]

Thus, the frequencies are:
- **p (frequency of B)** = 0.684
- **q (frequency of b)** = 0.316

Would you like more details on any step? Here are some follow-up questions you might consider:

1. What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation and how is it derived?
2. How can the genotype frequencies be calculated from p and q?
3. What assumptions does the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium make about a population?
4. How would the results change if 80% of beetles had long antennae instead?
5. Can this method be applied to human genetic traits?

**Tip:** Always check if the population satisfies Hardy-Weinberg assumptions: large size, random mating, no mutation, migration, or natural selection.

In a population of beetles, antennae length is determined by a gene (B), where B = long antennae and b = short antennae. A population of 100 beetles, in HWE, was sampled and the following was determined: 90 long antennae beetles and 10 short antennae beetles. Calculate p frequency and the q frequency.

Learn how to calculate the p and q allele frequencies in a population of beetles with long and short antennae using Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. This example includes 90 beetles with long antennae and 10 beetles with short antennae. Ideal for high school and college students studying genetics.

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