Math Problem Statement

solve it

Find all critical numbers of f and f' for f(x) = (3x + 1)e^x and analyze the behavior of f on different intervals.

Solution

To solve this problem, let’s follow the steps needed to analyze the function f(x)=(3x+1)exf(x) = (3x + 1)e^x:

  1. Find the critical numbers of ff and ff':

    • A critical point occurs where f(x)=0f'(x) = 0 or f(x)f'(x) is undefined.
  2. Calculate f(x)f'(x):

    • Use the product rule: if f(x)=u(x)v(x)f(x) = u(x)v(x) with u(x)=3x+1u(x) = 3x + 1 and v(x)=exv(x) = e^x, then f(x)=u(x)v(x)+u(x)v(x).f'(x) = u'(x)v(x) + u(x)v'(x).
    • Compute u(x)=3u'(x) = 3 and v(x)=exv'(x) = e^x, so: f(x)=3ex+(3x+1)ex=ex(3x+4).f'(x) = 3e^x + (3x + 1)e^x = e^x(3x + 4).
  3. Solve f(x)=0f'(x) = 0:

    • Set ex(3x+4)=0e^x(3x + 4) = 0.
    • Since ex0e^x \neq 0, we only need to solve 3x+4=03x + 4 = 0: x=43.x = -\frac{4}{3}.
    • This is one of the critical points.
  4. Determine Concavity and Inflection Points:

    • To analyze concavity, calculate f(x)f''(x).
    • Differentiate f(x)=ex(3x+4)f'(x) = e^x(3x + 4) again using the product rule: f(x)=ex(3x+4)+ex3=ex(3x+7).f''(x) = e^x(3x + 4) + e^x \cdot 3 = e^x(3x + 7).
    • Set f(x)=0f''(x) = 0 to find potential inflection points: ex(3x+7)=0.e^x(3x + 7) = 0.
    • Solving 3x+7=03x + 7 = 0: x=73.x = -\frac{7}{3}.
    • So, x=73x = -\frac{7}{3} is a potential inflection point.
  5. Behavior Analysis:

    • With the critical points a=43a = -\frac{4}{3} and b=73b = -\frac{7}{3}, analyze each interval:
      • x<ax < a: Decreasing and concave downward.
      • a<x<ba < x < b: Increasing and concave downward.
      • x>bx > b: Increasing and concave upward.
  6. Limit Behavior at ±\pm \infty:

    • As xx \to -\infty, f(x)0f(x) \to 0.
    • As xx \to \infty, f(x)f(x) \to \infty.

These steps should allow you to fill in the table:

  • a=43a = -\frac{4}{3}, b=73b = -\frac{7}{3}
  • Behavior at each interval:
    • x<ax < a: Decreasing, concave downward.
    • a<x<ba < x < b: Increasing, concave downward.
    • x>bx > b: Increasing, concave upward.
  • At -\infty and ++\infty: "Other"

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Critical Points
Concavity
Behavior Analysis
Limits

Formulas

f'(x) = e^x(3x + 4) using product rule
f''(x) = e^x(3x + 7) using product rule

Theorems

Critical points of a function
Concavity and inflection points
Limit behavior as x approaches infinity

Suitable Grade Level

College Calculus