Math Problem Statement

For the polynomial function​ below: (a) List each real zero and its multiplicity.​ (b) Determine whether the graph crosses or touches the​ x-axis at each​ x-intercept. (c) Determine the maximum number of turning points on the graph.​ (d) Determine the end​ behavior; that​ is, find the power function that the graph of f resembles for large values of StartAbsoluteValue x EndAbsoluteValue .x.

​f(x)equals=left parenthesis x minus 3 right parenthesis cubed(x−3)3left parenthesis x plus 1 right parenthesis squared(x+1)2

Type the power function that the graph of f resembles for large values of StartAbsoluteValue x EndAbsoluteValue .x.

yequals=enter your response here

Solution

We are given the polynomial function:

f(x)=(x3)3(x+1)2f(x) = (x - 3)^3(x + 1)^2

Let's solve the problem step by step:

(a) List each real zero and its multiplicity

To find the real zeros of the function, we need to find the values of xx that make f(x)=0f(x) = 0.

  1. x3=0x=3x - 3 = 0 \Rightarrow x = 3 with multiplicity 3.
  2. x+1=0x=1x + 1 = 0 \Rightarrow x = -1 with multiplicity 2.

Real zeros and their multiplicities:

  • x=3x = 3 with multiplicity 3.
  • x=1x = -1 with multiplicity 2.

(b) Determine whether the graph crosses or touches the​ x-axis at each​ x-intercept

The behavior of the graph at each x-intercept depends on the multiplicity of the zero:

  • If the multiplicity is odd, the graph crosses the x-axis at that intercept.
  • If the multiplicity is even, the graph touches the x-axis but does not cross it.

For x=3x = 3 (multiplicity 3, odd): The graph crosses the x-axis.

For x=1x = -1 (multiplicity 2, even): The graph touches the x-axis.

(c) Determine the maximum number of turning points on the graph

The maximum number of turning points of a polynomial function is given by n1n - 1, where nn is the degree of the polynomial.

The degree of the polynomial is the sum of the multiplicities of the factors:

3+2=53 + 2 = 5

So, the maximum number of turning points is:

51=45 - 1 = 4

(d) Determine the end behavior (power function)

To determine the end behavior, we need to consider the leading term of the polynomial for large values of x|x|. We focus on the highest power of xx in each factor:

(x3)3 behaves like x3and(x+1)2 behaves like x2(x - 3)^3 \text{ behaves like } x^3 \quad \text{and} \quad (x + 1)^2 \text{ behaves like } x^2

Thus, the leading term is:

x3x2=x5x^3 \cdot x^2 = x^5

The end behavior of the function resembles the power function:

f(x)x5for large values of x.f(x) \sim x^5 \quad \text{for large values of} \ |x|.

Final Answer for the Power Function:

y=x5y = x^5


Do you want more details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions you could explore:

  1. How does the degree of a polynomial affect the number of real zeros?
  2. What happens to the graph at a zero with multiplicity higher than 3?
  3. How can we find the turning points of a polynomial function graphically?
  4. How do we distinguish between local and absolute extrema for polynomials?
  5. How does the behavior of polynomials of odd degrees differ from those of even degrees?

Tip: To identify the number of turning points of a polynomial, focus on its degree and look for sign changes in the derivative.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Polynomials
Zeros and Multiplicity
Turning Points
End Behavior

Formulas

End Behavior: Leading term dictates behavior for large |x|
Maximum Turning Points: n - 1 where n is the degree of the polynomial

Theorems

Multiplicity Theorem: Odd multiplicity means the graph crosses the x-axis, even multiplicity means it touches the x-axis
Polynomial Degree Theorem: The degree determines maximum turning points

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12