Math Problem Statement

For the polynomial function f(x) = (x - 7)^3 (x + 9)^2, answer the following questions: (a) List each real zero and its multiplicity. (b) Determine whether the graph crosses or touches the x-axis at each x-intercept. (c) Determine the maximum number of turning points on the graph. (d) Determine the end behavior; that is, find the power function that the graph of f resembles for large values of |x|.

Solution

Let's solve the given problem step by step for the polynomial function f(x)=(x7)3(x+9)2f(x) = (x - 7)^3 (x + 9)^2.

Part (a): List each real zero and its multiplicity.

  • The zeros of the function are found by setting each factor to zero:
    • x7=0x - 7 = 0 gives x=7x = 7, with a multiplicity of 3.
    • x+9=0x + 9 = 0 gives x=9x = -9, with a multiplicity of 2.

Part (b): Determine whether the graph crosses or touches the x-axis at each x-intercept.

  • At x=7x = 7, the zero has an odd multiplicity (3), which means the graph will cross the x-axis.
  • At x=9x = -9, the zero has an even multiplicity (2), which means the graph will touch the x-axis but not cross it.

Part (c): Determine the maximum number of turning points on the graph.

  • The degree of the polynomial can be found by adding the multiplicities: 3+2=53 + 2 = 5.
  • A polynomial of degree nn can have at most n1n - 1 turning points. Therefore, the maximum number of turning points is 51=45 - 1 = 4.

Part (d): Determine the end behavior (find the power function that the graph of ff resembles for large values of x|x|).

  • For large values of x|x|, the term that dominates f(x)f(x) is (x7)3(x+9)2x3x2=x5(x - 7)^3 (x + 9)^2 \approx x^3 \cdot x^2 = x^5.
  • Thus, the end behavior of the polynomial will resemble the power function f(x)x5f(x) \approx x^5.
  • Since the leading term has an odd degree (5) with a positive coefficient, the graph will fall to negative infinity as xx \to -\infty and rise to positive infinity as x+x \to +\infty.

Would you like more details on any part of this explanation? Here are some related questions:

  1. What is the effect of multiplicity on the shape of the graph at a zero?
  2. How do you find the turning points of a polynomial function?
  3. Why does the degree of the polynomial affect the end behavior?
  4. Can a polynomial have more turning points than its degree minus one?
  5. What happens to the graph if a factor is raised to a higher power?

Tip: When analyzing polynomial functions, pay attention to the multiplicity of each root to predict the graph's behavior at the intercepts.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Polynomial functions
Zeros and multiplicity
Turning points
End behavior

Formulas

Multiplicity and crossing behavior at x-intercepts
Degree of polynomial determines maximum turning points
End behavior determined by highest power term

Theorems

Multiplicity theorem for polynomial roots
Turning points of polynomial functions
End behavior of polynomial functions

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12