Math Problem Statement

How many positive integers n can be formed using the digits 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7,7, 8, if n has to exceed 60,00,000?

Solution

We are given a set of digits: 3,4,5,6,6,7,7,83, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8 and we are tasked with finding how many different integers nn can be formed such that n>60,00,000n > 60,00,000 (6 million).

Step 1: Number of digits

Since the number nn must exceed 6 million, nn must be at least 7 digits long. Therefore, nn will be a 7-digit number or an 8-digit number.

Step 2: Counting the 7-digit numbers

To form a 7-digit number, we must select and arrange 7 digits from the set of available digits.

Case 1: First digit is 6, 7, or 8

For n>6,000,000n > 6,000,000, the first digit must be either 6, 7, or 8. Let's consider each case:

  • First digit is 6: We are left with the digits 3,4,5,6,7,7,83, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8. These 7 digits include a repetition of the digit 7, so the number of distinct arrangements of these digits is: 7!2!=50402=2520\frac{7!}{2!} = \frac{5040}{2} = 2520

  • First digit is 7: We are left with the digits 3,4,5,6,6,7,83, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8. These 7 digits include a repetition of the digit 6, so the number of distinct arrangements is: 7!2!=50402=2520\frac{7!}{2!} = \frac{5040}{2} = 2520

  • First digit is 8: We are left with the digits 3,4,5,6,6,7,73, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7. These 7 digits include repetitions of both 6 and 7, so the number of distinct arrangements is: 7!2!2!=50404=1260\frac{7!}{2!2!} = \frac{5040}{4} = 1260

The total number of 7-digit numbers is: 2520+2520+1260=63002520 + 2520 + 1260 = 6300

Step 3: Counting the 8-digit numbers

All 8 digits can be used to form an 8-digit number. The number of distinct arrangements, considering the two 6's and the two 7's, is: 8!2!2!=403204=10080\frac{8!}{2!2!} = \frac{40320}{4} = 10080

Step 4: Total number of valid numbers

The total number of integers nn that exceed 6 million is the sum of the 7-digit and 8-digit numbers: 6300+10080=163806300 + 10080 = 16380

Thus, the total number of positive integers nn that can be formed using the digits 3,4,5,6,6,7,7,83, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8 and exceed 60,00,000 is 16,380.


Do you want details on any step or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions:

  1. How would the count change if repetitions of 6 and 7 were not allowed?
  2. What if nn had to be less than 60,00,000 instead of exceeding it?
  3. How many 7-digit numbers can be formed if only even digits are allowed in the first place?
  4. How does the formula change if there were 3 repeated digits instead of 2?
  5. What if the first digit could not be 6, 7, or 8?

Tip: When arranging objects with repeated elements, always account for these repetitions by dividing by the factorial of the number of repeated objects.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Combinatorics
Permutations with Repetition

Formulas

Permutations of n objects with repeated elements: n! / (p1! * p2! * ... * pk!)
Factorial: n! = n × (n-1) × ... × 1

Theorems

Permutation theorem with repeated elements

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12