Math Problem Statement

Consider a complex number z = -i, where i = √−1. If the value of arg(z) + arg(¯z) + arg(|z|) + arg(arg(z)) + arg(Im(z)) (where arg(x) ∈ (−π, π], x is any complex number) is (p/q)π, where p and q are coprime positive integers, then the value of p + q is

Solution

Let's break down and solve the problem step by step.

We are given the complex number z=iz = -i, where i=1i = \sqrt{-1}. The goal is to compute the sum of various arguments:

arg(z)+arg(z)+arg(z)+arg(arg(z))+arg((z))\arg(z) + \arg(\overline{z}) + \arg(|z|) + \arg(\arg(z)) + \arg(\Im(z))

Step 1: Calculate arg(z)\arg(z)

We know that z=iz = -i. In polar form, the argument of i-i corresponds to the angle made with the positive real axis. Since i-i lies on the negative imaginary axis, the argument is:

arg(z)=π2\arg(z) = -\frac{\pi}{2}

Step 2: Calculate arg(z)\arg(\overline{z})

The conjugate of zz, denoted by z\overline{z}, is i=i\overline{-i} = i. The argument of ii, which lies on the positive imaginary axis, is:

arg(z)=π2\arg(\overline{z}) = \frac{\pi}{2}

Step 3: Calculate arg(z)\arg(|z|)

The modulus z|z| of z=iz = -i is:

z=1|z| = 1

Since z|z| is a real positive number, the argument of any positive real number is 0:

arg(z)=0\arg(|z|) = 0

Step 4: Calculate arg(arg(z))\arg(\arg(z))

We previously found arg(z)=π2\arg(z) = -\frac{\pi}{2}. Now we need to compute the argument of this real number. Since π2-\frac{\pi}{2} is a negative real number, the argument of any negative real number is π\pi:

arg(arg(z))=π\arg(\arg(z)) = \pi

Step 5: Calculate arg((z))\arg(\Im(z))

The imaginary part of z=iz = -i is (z)=1\Im(z) = -1, which is a negative real number. Again, the argument of any negative real number is π\pi:

arg((z))=π\arg(\Im(z)) = \pi

Step 6: Sum all the arguments

Now, we sum all the computed arguments:

arg(z)+arg(z)+arg(z)+arg(arg(z))+arg((z))=π2+π2+0+π+π=2π\arg(z) + \arg(\overline{z}) + \arg(|z|) + \arg(\arg(z)) + \arg(\Im(z)) = -\frac{\pi}{2} + \frac{\pi}{2} + 0 + \pi + \pi = 2\pi

Step 7: Express in the form pqπ\frac{p}{q} \pi

We have 2π2\pi, which can be written as:

2π=21π2\pi = \frac{2}{1} \pi

Here, p=2p = 2 and q=1q = 1. Since pp and qq are coprime, the sum p+qp + q is:

p+q=2+1=3p + q = 2 + 1 = 3

Thus, the value of p+qp + q is 3.


Would you like further details or have any additional questions? Here are some related questions to expand your understanding:

  1. What is the geometrical interpretation of the argument of a complex number?
  2. How do you compute the modulus of a complex number in general?
  3. What is the argument of the conjugate of a complex number, and why?
  4. How does the argument behave for purely real numbers, both positive and negative?
  5. Can the argument of a complex number ever exceed π\pi or be less than π-\pi?

Tip: When dealing with complex numbers, always remember that arguments are taken in the principal range (π,π](-\pi, \pi].

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Complex Numbers
Arguments of Complex Numbers
Conjugate of Complex Numbers
Modulus of Complex Numbers

Formulas

arg(z) = θ
arg(¯z) = -θ
arg(|z|) = 0 if |z| > 0
arg(negative real number) = π

Theorems

Argument of a complex number
Properties of conjugate and modulus of complex numbers

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12