Math Problem Statement

|z| = -1 + \sqrt{6} show me how you get this using the cosine rule as you find mod(z) that satisfies mod(z+2i)=3 and arg(z)=pi/6

Solution

We are given the equation z=1+6|z| = -1 + \sqrt{6}, and we are tasked with finding the modulus of zz that satisfies the conditions:

  • z+2i=3|z + 2i| = 3
  • arg(z)=π6\arg(z) = \frac{\pi}{6}

Let’s go through the process step by step, utilizing both the cosine rule and polar coordinates.

Step 1: Represent zz in Cartesian form

Since we know the argument of zz is π6\frac{\pi}{6}, we can write zz as: z=x+iyz = x + iy where arg(z)=π6\arg(z) = \frac{\pi}{6}, implying the angle between the vector zz and the real axis is π6\frac{\pi}{6}.

Step 2: Use the modulus condition z+2i=3|z + 2i| = 3

We know the distance from zz to the point 2i-2i on the imaginary axis is 3 units, which leads to the equation: z+2i=3|z + 2i| = 3 Substitute z=x+iyz = x + iy into this: (x+iy)+2i=3|(x + iy) + 2i| = 3 x+i(y+2)=3|x + i(y + 2)| = 3 The modulus of a complex number a+iba + ib is a2+b2\sqrt{a^2 + b^2}, so: x2+(y+2)2=3\sqrt{x^2 + (y + 2)^2} = 3 Square both sides: x2+(y+2)2=9x^2 + (y + 2)^2 = 9 Expand the terms: x2+y2+4y+4=9x^2 + y^2 + 4y + 4 = 9 Simplify: x^2 + y^2 + 4y - 5 = 0 \tag{1}

Step 3: Use the argument condition arg(z)=π6\arg(z) = \frac{\pi}{6}

The argument of z=x+iyz = x + iy is given by: arg(z)=tan1(yx)\arg(z) = \tan^{-1} \left( \frac{y}{x} \right) Since arg(z)=π6\arg(z) = \frac{\pi}{6}, we have: yx=tan(π6)=13\frac{y}{x} = \tan\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} Thus: y = \frac{x}{\sqrt{3}} \tag{2}

Step 4: Substitute y=x3y = \frac{x}{\sqrt{3}} into equation (1)

Substitute equation (2) into equation (1): x2+(x3)2+4(x3)5=0x^2 + \left( \frac{x}{\sqrt{3}} \right)^2 + 4\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3}}\right) - 5 = 0 Simplify each term: x2+x23+4x35=0x^2 + \frac{x^2}{3} + \frac{4x}{\sqrt{3}} - 5 = 0 Multiply the entire equation by 3 to eliminate the fraction: 3x2+x2+43x15=03x^2 + x^2 + 4\sqrt{3}x - 15 = 0 Combine like terms: 4x^2 + 4\sqrt{3}x - 15 = 0 \tag{3}

Step 5: Solve the quadratic equation

Now, solve the quadratic equation: 4x2+43x15=04x^2 + 4\sqrt{3}x - 15 = 0 Using the quadratic formula: x=b±b24ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} where a=4a = 4, b=43b = 4\sqrt{3}, and c=15c = -15. First, calculate the discriminant: b24ac=(43)24(4)(15)=48+240=288b^2 - 4ac = (4\sqrt{3})^2 - 4(4)(-15) = 48 + 240 = 288 So: x=43±2888=43±1228x = \frac{-4\sqrt{3} \pm \sqrt{288}}{8} = \frac{-4\sqrt{3} \pm 12\sqrt{2}}{8} Simplify: [ x = \frac{-\sqrt{3}}{2} \pm \frac{3\sqrt{6}}

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Complex Numbers
Modulus and Argument
Quadratic Equations

Formulas

Modulus of a complex number: |z| = sqrt(x^2 + y^2)
Argument of a complex number: arg(z) = tan^{-1}(y/x)
Quadratic equation formula: ax^2 + bx + c = 0

Theorems

Cosine Rule
Quadratic Formula

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Mathematics