Math Problem Statement

³log 54 + ³log 18 – ³log 12=³log 54 + ³log 18 – ³log 12=

Solution

Let's simplify the expression log354+log318log312\log_3 54 + \log_3 18 - \log_3 12.

Using the logarithm properties, we know that:

  1. logb(x)+logb(y)=logb(xy)\log_b(x) + \log_b(y) = \log_b(x \cdot y)
  2. logb(x)logb(y)=logb(xy)\log_b(x) - \log_b(y) = \log_b\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)

So, we can start by combining the first two terms:

log354+log318=log3(5418)\log_3 54 + \log_3 18 = \log_3 (54 \cdot 18)

Now, calculate 541854 \cdot 18:

54×18=97254 \times 18 = 972

Thus, the expression becomes:

log3972log312\log_3 972 - \log_3 12

Next, using the subtraction property:

log3972log312=log3(97212)\log_3 972 - \log_3 12 = \log_3\left(\frac{972}{12}\right)

Now, calculate 97212\frac{972}{12}:

97212=81\frac{972}{12} = 81

So, the expression simplifies to:

log381\log_3 81

Finally, recognize that 8181 can be expressed as 343^4:

log381=log3(34)=4\log_3 81 = \log_3 (3^4) = 4

Thus, the value of the expression is:

4\boxed{4}

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Logarithms

Formulas

Logarithm properties: addition, subtraction

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

High School