Math Problem Statement

In the xy-plane, a parabola has vertex (9, -14) and intersects the x-axis at two points. If the equation of the parabola is written in the form y = ax^2 + bx + c, where a, b, and c are constants, which of the following could be the value of a + b + c? A) -23, B) -19, C) -14, D) -12

Solution

We are given that the parabola has its vertex at (9,14)(9, -14) and intersects the x-axis at two points. The equation of the parabola is written in the form y=ax2+bx+cy = ax^2 + bx + c, where aa, bb, and cc are constants.

Vertex Form of a Parabola

The vertex form of a parabola is: y=a(xh)2+ky = a(x - h)^2 + k where (h,k)(h, k) is the vertex. Since the vertex is at (9,14)(9, -14), we can substitute this into the vertex form: y=a(x9)214y = a(x - 9)^2 - 14

Step 1: Convert Vertex Form to Standard Form

We now expand y=a(x9)214y = a(x - 9)^2 - 14: y=a(x218x+81)14y = a(x^2 - 18x + 81) - 14 y=ax218ax+81a14y = ax^2 - 18ax + 81a - 14 Thus, in standard form, the equation becomes: y=ax218ax+(81a14)y = ax^2 - 18ax + (81a - 14) Here, comparing it with y=ax2+bx+cy = ax^2 + bx + c, we have:

  • b=18ab = -18a
  • c=81a14c = 81a - 14

Step 2: Use the Fact That the Parabola Intersects the X-Axis

Since the parabola intersects the x-axis at two points, it has two real roots. The discriminant Δ\Delta of the quadratic equation must be positive: Δ=b24ac>0\Delta = b^2 - 4ac > 0 Substituting b=18ab = -18a and c=81a14c = 81a - 14 into the discriminant: Δ=(18a)24a(81a14)\Delta = (-18a)^2 - 4a(81a - 14) Δ=324a24a(81a14)\Delta = 324a^2 - 4a(81a - 14) Δ=324a2324a2+56a\Delta = 324a^2 - 324a^2 + 56a Δ=56a\Delta = 56a For the parabola to intersect the x-axis at two points, Δ>0\Delta > 0, so 56a>056a > 0, meaning a>0a > 0.

Step 3: Calculate a+b+ca + b + c

We are asked to find a+b+ca + b + c. Using b=18ab = -18a and c=81a14c = 81a - 14, we calculate: a+b+c=a+(18a)+(81a14)a + b + c = a + (-18a) + (81a - 14) a+b+c=a18a+81a14a + b + c = a - 18a + 81a - 14 a+b+c=64a14a + b + c = 64a - 14 We know that a>0a > 0. Now, we can check the possible values of a+b+ca + b + c from the answer choices.

Step 4: Test the Answer Choices

We need to find which value matches 64a1464a - 14. Testing the possible values:

  • For a+b+c=12a + b + c = -12: 64a14=12    64a=2    a=13264a - 14 = -12 \implies 64a = 2 \implies a = \frac{1}{32} This is a positive value of aa, so the correct answer is: 12\boxed{-12}

Would you like further details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions to explore:

  1. How is the discriminant used to determine the nature of roots in a quadratic equation?
  2. What is the relationship between the vertex form and standard form of a parabola?
  3. How would the equation change if the parabola did not intersect the x-axis?
  4. What is the geometric significance of the vertex of a parabola?
  5. Can you derive the general solution for the sum a+b+ca + b + c for different vertex points?

Tip: When converting between vertex form and standard form, always expand carefully and compare coefficients to ensure accuracy.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Parabolas
Quadratic Equations
Vertex Form
Discriminant

Formulas

Vertex form: y = a(x - h)^2 + k
Standard form: y = ax^2 + bx + c
Discriminant: Δ = b^2 - 4ac

Theorems

Discriminant to find the nature of roots
Relationship between vertex and standard form

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12