Math Problem Statement

the first term of geometric series is 6 and the sum of the first three terms is 29 find the common ratio

Solution

We are given the following information about the geometric series:

  • The first term a=6a = 6
  • The sum of the first three terms S3=29S_3 = 29

The sum of the first nn terms of a geometric series is given by the formula:

Sn=a1rn1r(for r1)S_n = a \frac{1 - r^n}{1 - r} \quad \text{(for } r \neq 1\text{)}

For the sum of the first three terms, we use:

S3=a1r31rS_3 = a \frac{1 - r^3}{1 - r}

Substituting the known values:

29=61r31r29 = 6 \frac{1 - r^3}{1 - r}

We can now solve for the common ratio rr.

  1. Divide both sides by 6:

296=1r31r\frac{29}{6} = \frac{1 - r^3}{1 - r}

  1. Multiply both sides by 1r1 - r to eliminate the denominator:

296(1r)=1r3\frac{29}{6}(1 - r) = 1 - r^3

  1. Expand both sides:

296296r=1r3\frac{29}{6} - \frac{29}{6}r = 1 - r^3

  1. Multiply the entire equation by 6 to eliminate the fraction:

2929r=66r329 - 29r = 6 - 6r^3

  1. Rearrange the equation:

6r329r+296=06r^3 - 29r + 29 - 6 = 0

6r329r+23=06r^3 - 29r + 23 = 0

Now we have a cubic equation:

6r329r+23=06r^3 - 29r + 23 = 0

This equation can be solved numerically or using specific methods for cubic equations (like trial and error, or using the cubic formula).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Geometric Series
Algebra
Cubic Equations

Formulas

Sum of first n terms of geometric series: S_n = a(1 - r^n) / (1 - r)

Theorems

Sum of terms in a geometric series

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11