Math Problem Statement

Which one of the following graphs below corresponds to the cross-section of this surface through x = -1?

Solution

The contour plot displayed represents a surface, and the problem asks for a cross-section through x=1x = -1. To determine which graph corresponds to this cross-section, we need to analyze the surface at this particular xx-value.

Here's the general approach:

  1. Contour Plot: This plot shows level curves (contours) where the surface has constant height (or value) at different points in the x,yx, y-plane. Each contour represents a specific value of the function (seen in the color scale to the right).
  2. Cross-section: A cross-section through x=1x = -1 means we fix x=1x = -1 and examine how the height (or value) of the function changes with yy. Essentially, this is a 2D slice where the surface is reduced to a line plot of f(1,y)f(-1, y).

Analyzing x=1x = -1:

  • On the plot, x=1x = -1 corresponds to the vertical line at x=1x = -1, which cuts through the contours.
  • To determine the behavior of the function along this slice, observe how the colors and contour lines change as you move up or down along yy at x=1x = -1.
  • At y=0y = 0, near x=1x = -1, the contours suggest a minimum, since the contour lines are closely packed, indicating a dip in the surface. Moving up or down in yy, the surface rises slightly and then falls again (indicated by the contour pattern).

Thus, the graph of this cross-section should reflect this "dip" at y=0y = 0 with a symmetric rise and fall around it.

Let me know if you'd like more details, or have any questions about the steps. Here are 5 related questions to expand on this topic:

  1. What is the significance of closely spaced contours in a contour plot?
  2. How can we compute the function values for specific points on a contour plot?
  3. How would the cross-section change if we took x=0x = 0 instead of x=1x = -1?
  4. What types of surfaces produce symmetric cross-sections like this one?
  5. How would a saddle point appear in a contour plot and its cross-section?

Tip: In a contour plot, when the lines are closer together, the surface is steeper, while widely spaced lines indicate a flatter region.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Contour Plots
Surface Cross-sections
Multivariable Calculus

Formulas

f(x, y) = constant for contour plots
Cross-section formula at specific x-value

Theorems

Basic properties of level curves in a contour plot

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate (Calculus 2 or 3)