Math Problem Statement

The following parameters are chosen to generate the public and private keys for the RSA cryptosystem.

p=7 q=17 e=13 d=37

If the plaintext is m=6, then what is the ciphertext c?

c=

Solution

To find the ciphertext cc using the RSA encryption method, follow these steps:

Step 1: Calculate nn

The modulus nn is calculated by multiplying the primes pp and qq: n=p×q=7×17=119n = p \times q = 7 \times 17 = 119

Step 2: Encrypt the plaintext

The ciphertext cc is calculated using the formula: c=memodnc = m^e \mod n Substitute the given values: c=613mod119c = 6^{13} \mod 119

Step 3: Compute 613mod1196^{13} \mod 119

To compute 613mod1196^{13} \mod 119 efficiently, we can use modular exponentiation:

62=366^2 = 36 64=362=1296103mod1196^4 = 36^2 = 1296 \equiv 103 \mod 119 68=1032=1060925mod1196^8 = 103^2 = 10609 \equiv 25 \mod 119 613=68×64×6=25×103×6=154501212mod1196^{13} = 6^8 \times 6^4 \times 6 = 25 \times 103 \times 6 = 15450 \equiv 121 \equiv 2 \mod 119

So, the ciphertext cc is 2\boxed{2}.

Would you like more details on any step, or do you have other questions?

Here are five related questions:

  1. How does the size of nn affect the security of RSA encryption?
  2. What would happen if ee and ϕ(n)\phi(n) are not coprime in RSA?
  3. How can one verify the correctness of the decryption process?
  4. Why is it necessary to use large primes in RSA?
  5. How does the choice of ee impact the efficiency of encryption?

Tip: To quickly compute large exponents in modular arithmetic, break the exponentiation down using the method of successive squaring (modular exponentiation).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

RSA Cryptosystem
Modular Arithmetic
Prime Factorization

Formulas

RSA encryption formula: c = m^e mod n

Theorems

Euler's theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Advanced High School