Math Problem Statement

An object moves along the x-axis so that its position at any time 𝘡 > 0 is given by x(𝘡) = s(𝘡). Find the velocity of the object as a function of 𝘡.

An object moves along the x-axis so that its position at any time t > 0 is given by x(t) = s(t). Find the velocity of the object as a function of t.

Solution

To find the velocity of the object as a function of tt, we need to compute the derivative of the position function s(t)s(t) with respect to time tt. The position function s(t)s(t) is given by:

s(t)=43Ο€sin⁑(3t)+45Ο€cos⁑(5t)s(t) = \frac{4}{3\pi} \sin(3t) + \frac{4}{5\pi} \cos(5t)

Step 1: Differentiate the first term

ddt(43Ο€sin⁑(3t))=43Ο€β‹…ddt(sin⁑(3t))=43Ο€β‹…3cos⁑(3t)=123Ο€cos⁑(3t)=4Ο€cos⁑(3t)\frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{4}{3\pi} \sin(3t) \right) = \frac{4}{3\pi} \cdot \frac{d}{dt} \left( \sin(3t) \right) = \frac{4}{3\pi} \cdot 3 \cos(3t) = \frac{12}{3\pi} \cos(3t) = \frac{4}{\pi} \cos(3t)

Step 2: Differentiate the second term

ddt(45Ο€cos⁑(5t))=45Ο€β‹…ddt(cos⁑(5t))=45Ο€β‹…(βˆ’5)sin⁑(5t)=βˆ’205Ο€sin⁑(5t)=βˆ’4Ο€sin⁑(5t)\frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{4}{5\pi} \cos(5t) \right) = \frac{4}{5\pi} \cdot \frac{d}{dt} \left( \cos(5t) \right) = \frac{4}{5\pi} \cdot (-5) \sin(5t) = \frac{-20}{5\pi} \sin(5t) = \frac{-4}{\pi} \sin(5t)

Step 3: Combine the derivatives

The velocity function v(t)v(t), which is the derivative of s(t)s(t), is:

v(t)=4Ο€cos⁑(3t)βˆ’4Ο€sin⁑(5t)v(t) = \frac{4}{\pi} \cos(3t) - \frac{4}{\pi} \sin(5t)

Thus, the velocity of the object as a function of tt is:

v(t)=4Ο€(cos⁑(3t)βˆ’sin⁑(5t))v(t) = \frac{4}{\pi} \left( \cos(3t) - \sin(5t) \right)


Do you want details on any of the steps or have any further questions?

Here are some related questions to further explore this topic:

  1. How do you find the acceleration of the object as a function of tt?
  2. How would the velocity change if the position function had a different frequency for the sine and cosine terms?
  3. What are the units of velocity if the position s(t)s(t) is given in meters and tt is in seconds?
  4. How can you determine when the object is momentarily at rest using the velocity function?
  5. What effect do the coefficients in the trigonometric terms have on the velocity and acceleration?

Tip: Remember that differentiation of trigonometric functions often involves the chain rule, especially when dealing with functions of the form sin⁑(kt)\sin(k t) or cos⁑(kt)\cos(k t).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Trigonometric Differentiation
Velocity

Formulas

Derivative of sin(x)
Derivative of cos(x)

Theorems

Chain Rule

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12