Math Problem Statement

Solve the differential equation x(dy/dx) + e^y(dy/dx) + y = 0, with the condition x = 0, y = 1.

Solution

The given differential equation is:

xdydx+eydydx+y=0x \frac{dy}{dx} + e^y \frac{dy}{dx} + y = 0

with the condition x=0,y=1x = 0, y = 1. We are to solve for yy.


Step 1: Factorize the equation

We group the terms involving dydx\frac{dy}{dx}: (x+ey)dydx+y=0\left(x + e^y\right)\frac{dy}{dx} + y = 0

Rewriting: dydx=yx+ey\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{y}{x + e^y}


Step 2: Solve the differential equation

This equation is separable. Rewrite it as: (x+ey)dy=ydx(x + e^y) dy = -y dx

Divide through by yy (assuming y0y \neq 0): dyy=dxx+ey\frac{dy}{y} = -\frac{dx}{x + e^y}


Step 3: Use initial conditions

The initial condition is x=0x = 0 and y=1y = 1. To solve completely, we will need to integrate both sides and solve explicitly for yy.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Differential Equations
Separation of Variables
Initial Value Problems

Formulas

General form of separable differential equations: dy/dx = g(x)/h(y)
Integration of 1/y and exponential functions: ∫1/y dy and ∫e^y dy

Theorems

Separation of Variables
Existence and Uniqueness Theorem for ODEs

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12 and Undergraduate