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**1-18. In December of 2003, the average price for a gallon of regular gas in the United States was $1.50.**

### a. What did it cost to buy 12 gallons of gas?

Since the price per gallon was **$1.50**, the cost for 12 gallons can be calculated by multiplying the price per gallon by the number of gallons.

\[
\text{Cost} = 1.50 \times 12 = 18 \text{ dollars}
\]

So, it cost **$18** to buy 12 gallons of gas.

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### b. Is the relationship between the number of gallons and the cost proportional? Explain.

Yes, the relationship is **proportional** because the cost of gas is directly proportional to the number of gallons purchased. The ratio of cost to the number of gallons is constant at $1.50 per gallon. This can be expressed as:

\[
\frac{\text{Cost}}{\text{Gallons}} = 1.50
\]

Since this ratio remains the same for any number of gallons, it shows a proportional relationship.

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### c. Gerald paid $12.60 for a tank of gas. How many gallons did he buy?

To find out how many gallons Gerald bought, we divide the total cost by the price per gallon:

\[
\text{Gallons} = \frac{\text{Total Cost}}{\text{Price per gallon}} = \frac{12.60}{1.50} = 8.4 \text{ gallons}
\]

So, Gerald bought **8.4 gallons** of gas.

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### d. Predict how the line would change in December of 2005, when gas cost $2.20 per gallon on average.

The slope of the graph represents the price per gallon. In 2003, the price per gallon was $1.50, but in 2005, it increased to $2.20. Since the price per gallon increased, the slope of the line would become steeper.

For example, for every 1 gallon of gas, the cost increased from $1.50 to $2.20. This means the slope of the line in 2005 would be steeper, indicating a higher cost for the same amount of gas. So, the new line would still start at the origin but have a greater slope, reflecting the higher price.

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Let me know if you need further explanations or clarifications!

### Related questions:
1. How much would it cost to buy 10 gallons of gas in December 2005 when the price was $2.20 per gallon?
2. If Gerald paid $15 in December 2003, how many gallons did he buy?
3. What would the total cost be for 20 gallons of gas in December 2005?
4. How does the graph of cost vs. gallons change if the price per gallon decreases over time?
5. Is it possible for the relationship between gallons and cost to ever be non-proportional? Why or why not?

### Tip:
Always remember that proportional relationships have a constant ratio between quantities, which can be represented as a straight line through the origin in graphs.

In December of 2003, the average price for a gallon of regular gas in the United States was $1.50. What did it cost to buy 12 gallons of gas? Is the relationship between the number of gallons and the cost proportional? Explain. Gerald paid $12.60 for a tank of gas. How many gallons did he buy? Predict how the line would change in December of 2005, when gas cost $2.20 per gallon on average.

Learn how to calculate gas costs in December 2003 when the price per gallon was $1.50. Understand proportional relationships by calculating the cost for 12 gallons and predicting how the graph changes when the price rises to $2.20 per gallon in 2005.

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