Math Problem Statement

A deck of 52 cards is shuffled, and you draw two cards one after the other without replacement. What is the probability of drawing a queen first and then a king?

Solution

To calculate the probability of drawing a queen first and then a king, let's break it down into steps:

Step 1: Probability of drawing a queen first

There are 4 queens in a standard deck of 52 cards. So, the probability of drawing a queen first is:

P(Queen first)=452=113P(\text{Queen first}) = \frac{4}{52} = \frac{1}{13}

Step 2: Probability of drawing a king second (without replacement)

After drawing a queen, there are only 51 cards left in the deck, and 4 of those cards are kings. So, the probability of drawing a king after drawing a queen is:

P(King second | Queen first)=451P(\text{King second | Queen first}) = \frac{4}{51}

Step 3: Total probability of drawing a queen first and then a king

Since these two events (drawing a queen and drawing a king) are dependent, we multiply their probabilities:

P(Queen first and King second)=P(Queen first)×P(King second | Queen first)=113×451=4663P(\text{Queen first and King second}) = P(\text{Queen first}) \times P(\text{King second | Queen first}) = \frac{1}{13} \times \frac{4}{51} = \frac{4}{663}

Thus, the probability of drawing a queen first and then a king is:

4663\boxed{\frac{4}{663}}

Would you like more details or have any questions?


Here are 5 related questions you might find interesting:

  1. What is the probability of drawing two kings in a row?
  2. What is the probability of drawing a queen and then another queen?
  3. How does the probability change if the cards are drawn with replacement?
  4. What is the probability of drawing a face card first and then an ace?
  5. How does the calculation change if three cards are drawn instead of two?

Tip: When solving probability problems with multiple steps, always consider whether the events are independent or dependent.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Probability
Dependent Events

Formulas

P(Queen first) = 4/52 = 1/13
P(King second | Queen first) = 4/51
P(Queen first and King second) = P(Queen first) × P(King second | Queen first) = 1/13 × 4/51 = 4/663

Theorems

Multiplication Rule of Probability for Dependent Events

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11