Math Problem Statement
By listing the outcomes at an event, find the probability that (i) both cards are labeled with letters, (ii) one card is labeled with a number and another card is labeled with a letter.
Solution
Let's break down and solve the probability questions from the image:
The problem presents three boxes (A, P, Q) containing labeled cards.
- Box A has two cards: (number) and (letter).
- Box P has four cards: (two numbers, two letters).
- Box Q has five cards: (two numbers, three letters).
For the problem:
- Step 1: A card is picked at random from Box A.
- If the number is chosen, a card is then picked randomly from Box P.
- If the letter is chosen, a card is picked randomly from Box Q.
We are asked to find two probabilities:
- The probability that both cards are labeled with letters.
- The probability that one card is labeled with a number, and the other with a letter.
(i) Probability that both cards are labeled with letters:
- Two ways to get letters:
- If is selected from Box A, we pick from Box Q. The possible letters from Box Q are (3 letters out of 5 total cards).
- If is selected from Box A, we pick from Box P. The possible letters from Box P are (2 letters out of 4 total cards).
The total probability of selecting letters in both cases is:
- Probability of picking from Box A:
- Then selecting a letter from Box Q:
- Probability of picking from Box A:
- Then selecting a letter from Box P:
Thus, the total probability is:
= \frac{3}{10} + \frac{1}{4}$$ Finding a common denominator (20): $$P(\text{both letters}) = \frac{6}{20} + \frac{5}{20} = \frac{11}{20}$$ ### (ii) Probability that **one card is labeled with a number and the other with a letter**: This situation has two cases: 1. Picking a **number** first and then a **letter**. 2. Picking a **letter** first and then a **number**. Let's calculate each case: - **Case 1**: Picking a number from **Box A** ($$6$$) and then a letter from **Box P**. - Probability of picking $$6$$: $$\frac{1}{2}$$ - Probability of picking a letter from **Box P** ($$F, K$$): $$\frac{2}{4} = \frac{1}{2}$$ - **Case 2**: Picking a letter from **Box A** ($$H$$) and then a number from **Box Q**. - Probability of picking $$H$$: $$\frac{1}{2}$$ - Probability of picking a number from **Box Q** ($$5, 9$$): $$\frac{2}{5}$$ Thus, the total probability is: $$P(\text{number and letter}) = \left( \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{2} \right) + \left( \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{2}{5} \right) = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2}{10} = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{5}$$ Finding a common denominator (20): $$P(\text{number and letter}) = \frac{5}{20} + \frac{4}{20} = \frac{9}{20}$$ --- ### Final Answers: 1. **Probability that both cards are labeled with letters**: $$\frac{11}{20}$$ 2. **Probability that one card is labeled with a number and the other with a letter**: $$\frac{9}{20}$$ --- Let me know if you'd like further clarification or additional details. Here are five related questions: 1. What is the probability of drawing a number from both boxes? 2. How does the probability change if an additional card is added to Box A? 3. What if Box P only contained letters? How would that affect the probabilities? 4. How would the probabilities differ if Box Q only had numbers? 5. What if Box A had three cards (two numbers and one letter)? How would the new probabilities be calculated? **Tip**: Always break the probability into individual outcomes and add them together to find the total probability.Ask a new question for Free
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Probability
Combinatorics
Formulas
Probability of an event P(A) = (number of favorable outcomes) / (total outcomes)
Theorems
Law of Total Probability
Suitable Grade Level
Grades 10-12