Math Problem Statement

ChemLabs uses raw materials / and // to produce two domestic cleaning solutions, A and B. The daily availabilities of raw materials / and // are 150 and 145 units, respectively. One unit of solution A consumes .5 unit of raw material / and .6 unit of raw material II, and one unit of solution B uses .5 unit of raw material / and .4 unit of raw material //. The profits per unit of solutions A and B are $8 and $10, respectively. The daily demand for solution A lies between 30 and 150 units, and that for solution B between 40 and 200 units. Find the optimal production amounts of A and B.

Solution

This problem is an example of a linear programming problem, where we aim to maximize the profit under certain constraints.

Let:

  • x1x_1 be the number of units of solution A to produce daily.
  • x2x_2 be the number of units of solution B to produce daily.

Objective function:

We want to maximize the total profit, which is given by: Maximize Z=8x1+10x2\text{Maximize } Z = 8x_1 + 10x_2 where 8x18x_1 represents the profit from solution A and 10x210x_2 represents the profit from solution B.

Constraints:

  1. Availability of raw material /: The total amount of raw material / used by both solutions A and B must not exceed 150 units. The amount used by solution A is 0.5x10.5x_1, and the amount used by solution B is 0.5x20.5x_2. Therefore, the first constraint is: 0.5x1+0.5x21500.5x_1 + 0.5x_2 \leq 150 Simplifying: x1+x2300x_1 + x_2 \leq 300

  2. Availability of raw material //: The total amount of raw material // used by both solutions A and B must not exceed 145 units. The amount used by solution A is 0.6x10.6x_1, and the amount used by solution B is 0.4x20.4x_2. Therefore, the second constraint is: 0.6x1+0.4x21450.6x_1 + 0.4x_2 \leq 145

  3. Demand constraints:

    • The demand for solution A is between 30 and 150 units, so: 30x115030 \leq x_1 \leq 150
    • The demand for solution B is between 40 and 200 units, so: 40x220040 \leq x_2 \leq 200

Summary of the linear programming model:

  • Objective: Maximize Z=8x1+10x2Z = 8x_1 + 10x_2
  • Constraints: x_1 + x_2 &\leq 300 \\ 0.6x_1 + 0.4x_2 &\leq 145 \\ 30 \leq x_1 &\leq 150 \\ 40 \leq x_2 &\leq 200 \end{aligned}$$
  • Non-negativity: x10,x20x_1 \geq 0, x_2 \geq 0

This problem can now be solved using methods like the graphical method (if visualizing) or more commonly with Simplex method or using software like Excel's Solver or Python's libraries (like SciPy or PuLP).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Linear Programming
Optimization
Algebra

Formulas

Objective Function: Z = 8x1 + 10x2
Raw Material / Constraint: x1 + x2 ≤ 300
Raw Material // Constraint: 0.6x1 + 0.4x2 ≤ 145
Demand Constraints: 30 ≤ x1 ≤ 150, 40 ≤ x2 ≤ 200

Theorems

Linear Programming
Simplex Method

Suitable Grade Level

College Level (undergraduate)