Math Problem Statement
ChemLabs uses raw materials I and II to produce two domestic cleaning solutions, A and B. The daily availability of raw materials I and II are 150 and 145 units, respectively. One unit of solution A consumes 0.5 unit of raw material I and 0.6 unit of raw material II. One solution of B uses 0.5 unit of raw material I and 0.4 unit of raw material II. The profits per unit of solutions A and B are $8 and $10, respectively. The daily demand for solution A lies between 30 and 150 units, and that for solution B between 40 and 200 units. Find the optimal production amounts of A and B, and the total profit.
Solution
This is a linear programming problem where we need to maximize the total profit based on the constraints of raw material availability and demand limits for solutions A and B.
Step 1: Define variables
Let:
- be the number of units of solution A produced daily.
- be the number of units of solution B produced daily.
Step 2: Objective function
We aim to maximize profit, which is given by: where:
- is the profit from solution A (since each unit of A gives $8),
- is the profit from solution B (since each unit of B gives $10).
Step 3: Constraints
The constraints come from the availability of raw materials and the demand for each solution:
-
Raw material I:
- Each unit of A uses 0.5 unit of I.
- Each unit of B uses 0.5 unit of I.
- The total amount of raw material I available is 150 units.
-
Raw material II:
- Each unit of A uses 0.6 unit of II.
- Each unit of B uses 0.4 unit of II.
- The total amount of raw material II available is 145 units.
-
Demand for solution A:
- The demand for solution A lies between 30 and 150 units.
-
Demand for solution B:
- The demand for solution B lies between 40 and 200 units.
-
Non-negativity:
Step 4: Solve the system of equations
We now solve this linear programming problem, which we can do using the Simplex method or graphical methods. However, it can be more efficiently solved with linear programming solvers like Excel, Python (with libraries such as scipy.optimize
), or other tools. Here's how the problem looks for solving:
subject to:
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Linear Programming
Optimization
Constraints
Profit Maximization
Formulas
Profit = 8x + 10y
0.5x + 0.5y <= 150
0.6x + 0.4y <= 145
30 <= x <= 150
40 <= y <= 200
x >= 0, y >= 0
Theorems
Linear Programming Theorem
Simplex Method
Suitable Grade Level
Grades 11-12, College level
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