Math Problem Statement

ChemLabs uses raw materials I and II to produce two domestic cleaning solutions, A and B. The daily availability of raw materials I and II are 150 and 145 units, respectively. One unit of solution A consumes 0.5 unit of raw material I and 0.6 unit of raw material II. One solution of B uses 0.5 unit of raw material I and 0.4 unit of raw material II. The profits per unit of solutions A and B are $8 and $10, respectively. The daily demand for solution A lies between 30 and 150 units, and that for solution B between 40 and 200 units. Find the optimal production amounts of A and B, and the total profit.

Solution

This is a linear programming problem where we need to maximize the total profit based on the constraints of raw material availability and demand limits for solutions A and B.

Step 1: Define variables

Let:

  • xx be the number of units of solution A produced daily.
  • yy be the number of units of solution B produced daily.

Step 2: Objective function

We aim to maximize profit, which is given by: Profit=8x+10y\text{Profit} = 8x + 10y where:

  • 8x8x is the profit from solution A (since each unit of A gives $8),
  • 10y10y is the profit from solution B (since each unit of B gives $10).

Step 3: Constraints

The constraints come from the availability of raw materials and the demand for each solution:

  1. Raw material I:

    • Each unit of A uses 0.5 unit of I.
    • Each unit of B uses 0.5 unit of I.
    • The total amount of raw material I available is 150 units. 0.5x+0.5y1500.5x + 0.5y \leq 150
  2. Raw material II:

    • Each unit of A uses 0.6 unit of II.
    • Each unit of B uses 0.4 unit of II.
    • The total amount of raw material II available is 145 units. 0.6x+0.4y1450.6x + 0.4y \leq 145
  3. Demand for solution A:

    • The demand for solution A lies between 30 and 150 units. 30x15030 \leq x \leq 150
  4. Demand for solution B:

    • The demand for solution B lies between 40 and 200 units. 40y20040 \leq y \leq 200
  5. Non-negativity: x0,y0x \geq 0, \quad y \geq 0

Step 4: Solve the system of equations

We now solve this linear programming problem, which we can do using the Simplex method or graphical methods. However, it can be more efficiently solved with linear programming solvers like Excel, Python (with libraries such as scipy.optimize), or other tools. Here's how the problem looks for solving:

Maximize 8x+10y\text{Maximize } 8x + 10y subject to: 0.5x+0.5y1500.5x + 0.5y \leq 150 0.6x+0.4y1450.6x + 0.4y \leq 145 30x15030 \leq x \leq 150 40y20040 \leq y \leq 200 x0,y0x \geq 0, \quad y \geq 0

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Linear Programming
Optimization
Constraints
Profit Maximization

Formulas

Profit = 8x + 10y
0.5x + 0.5y <= 150
0.6x + 0.4y <= 145
30 <= x <= 150
40 <= y <= 200
x >= 0, y >= 0

Theorems

Linear Programming Theorem
Simplex Method

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12, College level