Math Problem Statement

One of Maxwell's equations for electromagnetic waves (also called Ampère's Law) is ∇ × B = C ∂E/∂t, where E is the electric field, B is the magnetic field, and C is a constant. Show that the fields E(z,t) = A sin(kz - ωt)i and B(z,t) = A sin(kz - ωt)j satisfy the equation for constants A, k, ω, provided ω = k/C.

Solution

To approach this problem, let’s go through each part carefully:

Part a: Show that the fields E(z,t)=Asin(kzωt)iE(z,t) = A \sin(kz - \omega t) \mathbf{i} and B(z,t)=Asin(kzωt)jB(z,t) = A \sin(kz - \omega t) \mathbf{j} satisfy the equation ×B=CEt\nabla \times \mathbf{B} = C \frac{\partial \mathbf{E}}{\partial t}, given ω=kC\omega = \frac{k}{C}.

  1. Calculate Et\frac{\partial \mathbf{E}}{\partial t}:

    • Given E(z,t)=Asin(kzωt)i\mathbf{E}(z,t) = A \sin(kz - \omega t) \mathbf{i},
    • Taking the time derivative: Et=Aωcos(kzωt)i\frac{\partial \mathbf{E}}{\partial t} = -A \omega \cos(kz - \omega t) \mathbf{i}
  2. Calculate ×B\nabla \times \mathbf{B}:

    • Given B(z,t)=Asin(kzωt)j\mathbf{B}(z,t) = A \sin(kz - \omega t) \mathbf{j},
    • We need to compute ×B\nabla \times \mathbf{B}.
    • In Cartesian coordinates, the curl of B\mathbf{B} for a function only dependent on zz is: ×B=(Byz)i(Bxz)j\nabla \times \mathbf{B} = \left( \frac{\partial B_y}{\partial z} \right) \mathbf{i} - \left( \frac{\partial B_x}{\partial z} \right) \mathbf{j}
    • With ( \mathbf{B} = A

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Electromagnetic Waves
Maxwell's Equations
Vector Calculus
Partial Derivatives

Formulas

∇ × B = C ∂E/∂t
E(z,t) = A sin(kz - ωt) i
B(z,t) = A sin(kz - ωt) j
ω = k/C

Theorems

Ampère's Law (one of Maxwell's equations)

Suitable Grade Level

College Level