Math Problem Statement

Calculate (g ∘ f)⁻¹(-2) where f(x) = 3x + 1 and g(x) = (2x - 1) / (x + 3).

Solution

To solve this problem:

  1. Understand the question: We need to calculate (gf)1(2)(g \circ f)^{-1}(-2), where f(x)=3x+1f(x) = 3x + 1 and g(x)=2x1x+3g(x) = \frac{2x-1}{x+3}.

  2. Step 1 - Compute gf(x)g \circ f(x): Substituting f(x)=3x+1f(x) = 3x + 1 into g(x)g(x), we get: g(f(x))=g(3x+1)=2(3x+1)1(3x+1)+3g(f(x)) = g(3x + 1) = \frac{2(3x + 1) - 1}{(3x + 1) + 3} Simplify: g(f(x))=6x+213x+4=6x+13x+4.g(f(x)) = \frac{6x + 2 - 1}{3x + 4} = \frac{6x + 1}{3x + 4}.

  3. Step 2 - Find (gf)1(x)(g \circ f)^{-1}(x): To find the inverse of gf(x)g \circ f(x), let: y=6x+13x+4.y = \frac{6x + 1}{3x + 4}. Swap xx and yy, then solve for yy: x=6y+13y+4.x = \frac{6y + 1}{3y + 4}. Multiply through by 3y+43y + 4: x(3y+4)=6y+1.x(3y + 4) = 6y + 1. Expand and rearrange: 3xy+4x=6y+1    3xy6y=14x.3xy + 4x = 6y + 1 \implies 3xy - 6y = 1 - 4x. Factor out yy: y(3x6)=14x    y=14x3x6.y(3x - 6) = 1 - 4x \implies y = \frac{1 - 4x}{3x - 6}. So, (gf)1(x)=14x3x6(g \circ f)^{-1}(x) = \frac{1 - 4x}{3x - 6}.

  4. Step 3 - Calculate (gf)1(2)(g \circ f)^{-1}(-2): Substitute x=2x = -2 into the inverse function: (gf)1(2)=14(2)3(2)6.(g \circ f)^{-1}(-2) = \frac{1 - 4(-2)}{3(-2) - 6}. Simplify: (gf)1(2)=1+866=912=34.(g \circ f)^{-1}(-2) = \frac{1 + 8}{-6 - 6} = \frac{9}{-12} = -\frac{3}{4}.

The correct answer is a. -3/4.

Let me know if you would like further clarification or additional explanations. Here are five related questions:

  1. What is the domain of gf(x)g \circ f(x) based on the given functions?
  2. How do we verify the inverse of a composite function?
  3. What happens if g(x)g(x) is not defined for certain values?
  4. How does the composition of functions affect their inverses?
  5. How can we use graphing to verify our solution?

Tip: Always check for restrictions in the domain when working with

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Composite Functions
Inverse Functions
Algebra

Formulas

f(x) = 3x + 1
g(x) = (2x - 1) / (x + 3)
g(f(x)) = (6x + 1) / (3x + 4)
(g ∘ f)⁻¹(x) = (1 - 4x) / (3x - 6)

Theorems

Inverse of a Composite Function

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12