Math Problem Statement

интервалы монотонности

интервалы монотонности

Solution

The function given in the image is:

f(x)=x36x23f(x) = \sqrt[3]{x^3 - 6x^2}

To find the intervals of monotonicity, we need to follow these steps:

Step 1: Compute the derivative

The derivative of f(x)f(x) can be found using the chain rule. Rewrite the function as: f(x)=(x36x2)1/3f(x) = (x^3 - 6x^2)^{1/3}

The derivative is: f(x)=13(x36x2)2/3(3x212x)f'(x) = \frac{1}{3}(x^3 - 6x^2)^{-2/3} \cdot (3x^2 - 12x)

Simplify the derivative: f(x)=(3x212x)3(x36x2)2/3f'(x) = \frac{(3x^2 - 12x)}{3(x^3 - 6x^2)^{2/3}} f(x)=x(x4)(x36x2)2/3f'(x) = \frac{x(x - 4)}{(x^3 - 6x^2)^{2/3}}

Step 2: Critical points

The critical points occur where f(x)=0f'(x) = 0 or f(x)f'(x) is undefined.

  1. Numerator x(x4)=0x(x - 4) = 0: x=0orx=4x = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad x = 4

  2. Denominator (x36x2)2/3=0(x^3 - 6x^2)^{2/3} = 0: x36x2=0    x2(x6)=0x^3 - 6x^2 = 0 \implies x^2(x - 6) = 0 x=0orx=6x = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad x = 6

Thus, the critical points are x=0,4,6x = 0, 4, 6.

Step 3: Test intervals

We analyze the sign of f(x)f'(x) in the intervals determined by the critical points: (,0)(-\infty, 0), (0,4)(0, 4), (4,6)(4, 6), and (6,)(6, \infty).

  • Interval (,0)(-\infty, 0): Choose x=1x = -1. f(1)=(1)(14)((1)36(1)2)2/3=(1)(5)(16)2/3>0f'(-1) = \frac{(-1)(-1 - 4)}{((-1)^3 - 6(-1)^2)^{2/3}} = \frac{(-1)(-5)}{(-1 - 6)^{2/3}} > 0

    f(x)>0f'(x) > 0, so f(x)f(x) is increasing.

  • Interval (0,4)(0, 4): Choose x=1x = 1. f(1)=(1)(14)((1)36(1)2)2/3=(1)(3)(16)2/3<0f'(1) = \frac{(1)(1 - 4)}{((1)^3 - 6(1)^2)^{2/3}} = \frac{(1)(-3)}{(1 - 6)^{2/3}} < 0

    f(x)<0f'(x) < 0, so f(x)f(x) is decreasing.

  • Interval (4,6)(4, 6): Choose x=5x = 5. f(5)=(5)(54)((5)36(5)2)2/3=(5)(1)(125150)2/3<0f'(5) = \frac{(5)(5 - 4)}{((5)^3 - 6(5)^2)^{2/3}} = \frac{(5)(1)}{(125 - 150)^{2/3}} < 0

    f(x)<0f'(x) < 0, so f(x)f(x) is decreasing.

  • Interval (6,)(6, \infty): Choose x=7x = 7. f(7)=(7)(74)((7)36(7)2)2/3=(7)(3)(343294)2/3>0f'(7) = \frac{(7)(7 - 4)}{((7)^3 - 6(7)^2)^{2/3}} = \frac{(7)(3)}{(343 - 294)^{2/3}} > 0

    f(x)>0f'(x) > 0, so f(x)f(x) is increasing.

Step 4: Intervals of monotonicity

  • f(x)f(x) is increasing on (,0)(6,)(-\infty, 0) \cup (6, \infty).
  • f(x)f(x) is decreasing on (0,6)(0, 6).

Would you like more details or help with another aspect of this problem?


Here are 5 related questions to expand your understanding:

  1. How do you find concavity and points of inflection for a function like this?
  2. What is the significance of critical points in the behavior of a function?
  3. How can you sketch the graph of f(x)f(x) using this information?
  4. How would the monotonicity change if 6x2-6x^2 were replaced by +6x2+6x^2?
  5. How do you determine the behavior of f(x)f(x) near points where the derivative is undefined?

Tip: Always rewrite the function in simpler forms when taking derivatives—it helps avoid mistakes with the chain rule or exponent rules!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Differentiation
Monotonicity
Critical Points

Formulas

Derivative of f(x) = (x^3 - 6x^2)^{1/3}
Sign analysis for monotonicity intervals

Theorems

Chain Rule
Critical Points Definition

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12