Math Problem Statement

Solve and explain throughly

Solution

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Integral Calculus
Quadratic Expressions
Substitution
Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Formulas

\int \frac{dx}{x^2 + a^2} = \frac{1}{a} \tan^{-1}\left( \frac{x}{a} \right) + C
Completing the square

Theorems

Standard integral forms
Integration by substitution

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12 (Advanced Calculus)