Math Problem Statement

Let y^3+x^2y^5=e^4x. Use implicit differentiation to find a formula for dy/dx

Solution

We are given the equation:

y3+x2y5=e4xy^3 + x^2 y^5 = e^{4x}

To find dydx\frac{dy}{dx}, we will differentiate both sides with respect to xx, applying implicit differentiation. Since yy is a function of xx, we'll need to use the chain rule when differentiating any term involving yy.

Step-by-Step Differentiation:

  1. Differentiate the first term y3y^3 with respect to xx:

ddx(y3)=3y2dydx\frac{d}{dx}(y^3) = 3y^2 \frac{dy}{dx}

  1. Differentiate the second term x2y5x^2 y^5 using the product rule. The product rule states that:

ddx(uv)=uv+uv\frac{d}{dx}(u v) = u'v + uv'

Let u=x2u = x^2 and v=y5v = y^5. Then:

ddx(x2y5)=ddx(x2)y5+x2ddx(y5)\frac{d}{dx}(x^2 y^5) = \frac{d}{dx}(x^2) \cdot y^5 + x^2 \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(y^5)

Now, differentiate each part:

ddx(x2)=2x\frac{d}{dx}(x^2) = 2x

ddx(y5)=5y4dydx\frac{d}{dx}(y^5) = 5y^4 \frac{dy}{dx}

Thus, we get:

ddx(x2y5)=2xy5+x25y4dydx\frac{d}{dx}(x^2 y^5) = 2x y^5 + x^2 \cdot 5y^4 \frac{dy}{dx}

  1. Differentiate the right-hand side e4xe^{4x} with respect to xx:

ddx(e4x)=4e4x\frac{d}{dx}(e^{4x}) = 4e^{4x}

Now, putting it all together:

The differentiated equation becomes:

3y2dydx+(2xy5+5x2y4dydx)=4e4x3y^2 \frac{dy}{dx} + \left(2x y^5 + 5x^2 y^4 \frac{dy}{dx}\right) = 4e^{4x}

Isolating dydx\frac{dy}{dx}:

Move the terms without dydx\frac{dy}{dx} to the right side:

3y2dydx+5x2y4dydx=4e4x2xy53y^2 \frac{dy}{dx} + 5x^2 y^4 \frac{dy}{dx} = 4e^{4x} - 2x y^5

Factor out dydx\frac{dy}{dx} on the left side:

dydx(3y2+5x2y4)=4e4x2xy5\frac{dy}{dx}(3y^2 + 5x^2 y^4) = 4e^{4x} - 2x y^5

Finally, solve for dydx\frac{dy}{dx}:

dydx=4e4x2xy53y2+5x2y4\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{4e^{4x} - 2x y^5}{3y^2 + 5x^2 y^4}

This is the formula for dydx\frac{dy}{dx}.

Would you like more details or have any questions?

Related questions:

  1. How is implicit differentiation used for higher-order derivatives?
  2. What is the geometric interpretation of dydx\frac{dy}{dx} in this equation?
  3. Can this formula for dydx\frac{dy}{dx} be simplified further?
  4. How would you apply implicit differentiation to trigonometric functions?
  5. What role does the chain rule play in implicit differentiation?

Tip: Always apply the product rule carefully when differentiating terms involving two functions of xx.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Implicit Differentiation
Chain Rule
Product Rule
Exponential Functions

Formulas

Implicit differentiation: d/dx(f(y)) = f'(y) dy/dx
Product rule: d/dx(uv) = u'v + uv'
Chain rule: d/dx(f(g(x))) = f'(g(x)) * g'(x)

Theorems

Chain Rule
Product Rule

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12 (Advanced Calculus)