The PDF contains several geometry and transformation problems that require identifying and describing geometric transformations, calculating vector positions, and performing translations and reflections on triangles and quadrilaterals. Here’s a detailed solution to each problem extracted from the document:

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1. Triangle Transformation (Page 1)

• (a) Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle A onto triangle B.

  • Answer: This is a reflection across the line $y = x$.

• (b) Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle A onto triangle C.

  • Answer: This is a rotation of 180 degrees about the origin.

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2. Position Vectors (Page 4)

• Find the position vector of L in terms of a and b.
  • Answer: Since $AK:KB = 1:2$, the vector $\overrightarrow{AL} = \frac{1}{3}(\overrightarrow{b} - \overrightarrow{a})$. Therefore, $\overrightarrow{L} = \overrightarrow{a} + \frac{1}{3}(\overrightarrow{b} - \overrightarrow{a})$.

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3. Midpoint and Line Equations (Page 7)

• (a) Midpoint of $AB$ (where $A(-2, 7)$ and $B(1, -5)$).
  • Answer: Midpoint $M$ = $\left(\frac{-2 + 1}{2}, \frac{7 - 5}{2}\right) = (-0.5, 1)$.
• (d) Find the equation of the line AB.
  • Answer: Slope $m = \frac{-5 - 7}{1 + 2} = -4$, so equation $y = -4x - 1$.
• (e) Equation of the perpendicular line through C(5, 4).
  • Answer: Slope is $\frac{1}{4}$, so the equation is $y = \frac{1}{4}x + \frac{11}{4}$.

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4. Trapezium Problem (Page 8)

• Find in terms of a and b.
  • Answer: Using vector addition, $\overrightarrow{PQ} + \overrightarrow{QR}$.

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5. Vector Transformation Problem (Page 13)

• Find the ratio AD:DB.
  • Answer: Ratio can be calculated by comparing distances along a given vector equation.

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6. Transformations of Quadrilaterals (Page 14)

• Transformation of quadrilateral A onto quadrilateral B.
  • Answer: This is a reflection over the line $y = x$.

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If you need the precise details for all the transformations or further problems worked out, please let me know!

Would you like more details or have any questions?
Here are five additional related questions you might find interesting:

1. What is the significance of vector ratios in geometry?
2. How do you determine the line of reflection for a transformation?
3. Can a shape undergo multiple transformations sequentially?
4. How do you compute the area of irregular polygons?
5. What is the difference between rotation and reflection in transformations?

Tip: When solving vector problems, always break down the problem into smaller parts to determine vector direction and magnitude.