Math Problem Statement

If Arg(z₁ / z₂) = π/9 and Arg(z₁z₂) = 5π/18, what is Arg(z₁)? Options: a) 7π/36 b) 5π/36 c) π/3 d) π/4

Solution

We are tasked to determine the argument Arg(z1)\text{Arg}(z_1) given the following conditions for complex numbers z1z_1 and z2z_2:

  1. Arg(z1z2)=π9\text{Arg}\left(\frac{z_1}{z_2}\right) = \frac{\pi}{9}
  2. Arg(z1z2)=5π18\text{Arg}(z_1 z_2) = \frac{5\pi}{18}

Step-by-Step Solution:

1. Basic properties of the argument of complex numbers:

  • For the product:
    Arg(z1z2)=Arg(z1)+Arg(z2)\text{Arg}(z_1 z_2) = \text{Arg}(z_1) + \text{Arg}(z_2)
  • For the quotient:
    Arg(z1z2)=Arg(z1)Arg(z2)\text{Arg}\left(\frac{z_1}{z_2}\right) = \text{Arg}(z_1) - \text{Arg}(z_2)

Let:
Arg(z1)=θ1andArg(z2)=θ2.\text{Arg}(z_1) = \theta_1 \quad \text{and} \quad \text{Arg}(z_2) = \theta_2.

Thus, the given conditions become:

  1. θ1θ2=π9\theta_1 - \theta_2 = \frac{\pi}{9}
  2. θ1+θ2=5π18\theta_1 + \theta_2 = \frac{5\pi}{18}

2. Solve the system of equations:

We solve for θ1\theta_1 (the argument of z1z_1) and θ2\theta_2 (the argument of z2z_2).

Step 1: Add the two equations:
(θ1θ2)+(θ1+θ2)=π9+5π18(\theta_1 - \theta_2) + (\theta_1 + \theta_2) = \frac{\pi}{9} + \frac{5\pi}{18} Simplify:
2θ1=π9+5π18.2\theta_1 = \frac{\pi}{9} + \frac{5\pi}{18}.

Convert π9\frac{\pi}{9} to have the same denominator as 5π18\frac{5\pi}{18}:
π9=2π18.\frac{\pi}{9} = \frac{2\pi}{18}.

Thus:
2θ1=2π18+5π18=7π18.2\theta_1 = \frac{2\pi}{18} + \frac{5\pi}{18} = \frac{7\pi}{18}.

Divide by 2:
θ1=7π36.\theta_1 = \frac{7\pi}{36}.


Final Answer:

The argument of z1z_1 is:
7π36.\boxed{\frac{7\pi}{36}}.

This corresponds to option (a).


Do you want me to explain any step further or clarify concepts?

Here are 5 related questions to practice:

  1. How do you compute the argument for the product of two complex numbers?
  2. If Arg(z1z2)=π\text{Arg}(z_1 z_2) = \pi and Arg(z2)=π2\text{Arg}(z_2) = \frac{\pi}{2}, what is Arg(z1)\text{Arg}(z_1)?
  3. Solve θ1θ2=π6\theta_1 - \theta_2 = \frac{\pi}{6} and θ1+θ2=2π3\theta_1 + \theta_2 = \frac{2\pi}{3}.
  4. What is the range of values for the argument of a complex number?
  5. How does the argument change when a complex number is divided by another?

Tip: Always ensure angles are expressed in their principal values (from π-\pi to π\pi) when solving for arguments of complex numbers.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Complex Numbers
Argument of Complex Numbers
System of Linear Equations

Formulas

Arg(z₁z₂) = Arg(z₁) + Arg(z₂)
Arg(z₁ / z₂) = Arg(z₁) - Arg(z₂)

Theorems

Argument properties of complex numbers

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Level / Advanced High School (Grades 11-12)