Math Problem Statement

Evaluate the integral by changing to spherical coordinates. 10

0

100 − x2

0

200 − x2 − y2

x2 + y2

yz dz dy dx

Solution

To evaluate the given integral, we need to change to spherical coordinates. Let's start by rewriting the integral in terms of xx, yy, and zz and then express these in spherical coordinates. The given integral is:

0100100x2x2+y2200x2y2yzdzdydx\int_{0}^{10} \int_{0}^{\sqrt{100 - x^2}} \int_{x^2 + y^2}^{200 - x^2 - y^2} yz \, dz \, dy \, dx

Step 1: Express in Spherical Coordinates

In spherical coordinates:

  • x=ρsinϕcosθx = \rho \sin \phi \cos \theta
  • y=ρsinϕsinθy = \rho \sin \phi \sin \theta
  • z=ρcosϕz = \rho \cos \phi
  • The volume element dV=ρ2sinϕdρdϕdθdV = \rho^2 \sin \phi \, d\rho \, d\phi \, d\theta

Step 2: Limits of Integration

The given bounds for xx, yy, and zz define a region in space, which we’ll interpret in spherical coordinates.

  1. xx ranges from 00 to 1010, which suggests a limitation on ρsinϕcosθ\rho \sin \phi \cos \theta.
  2. The inner bounds on yy and zz suggest circular regions, further implying a spherical domain.

To make this transformation concrete, let’s set up the integral accordingly.

Would you like a detailed step-by-step expansion of the spherical conversion and bounds?

Here are some related questions to deepen understanding:

  1. How do you determine the limits for spherical coordinates from Cartesian bounds?
  2. Why is the volume element dVdV different in spherical coordinates?
  3. How does symmetry help in evaluating triple integrals?
  4. Can this integral be simplified by symmetry arguments before converting?
  5. How does one handle trigonometric terms like sinϕcosθ\sin \phi \cos \theta in integrals?

Tip: When transforming coordinates, always remember to include the Jacobian determinant in the volume element.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Triple Integrals
Spherical Coordinates
Volume Element in Spherical Coordinates
Coordinate Transformation

Formulas

x = ρ sin(φ) cos(θ)
y = ρ sin(φ) sin(θ)
z = ρ cos(φ)
dV = ρ² sin(φ) dρ dφ dθ

Theorems

Transformation of Coordinates
Triple Integral in Spherical Coordinates

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 12-16 (Undergraduate)