Math Problem Statement

The figure shows a solid cuboid with a square base of side x cm. The height of the cuboid is less than x cm and the total length of the edges of the cuboid is 92 cm. An ant crawls from vertex A to vertex B on the surface of the cuboid by the shortest path. If the length of the shortest path is 17 cm, find x.

Solution

The problem in the image is about a cuboid with a square base of side xx cm, and you need to find xx based on the conditions provided:

  1. Height of the cuboid: The height is less than xx cm.
  2. Total length of the edges: The sum of all the edges of the cuboid is 92 cm.
  3. Shortest path for an ant: The ant crawls from vertex A to vertex B on the surface of the cuboid, and the length of the shortest path is 17 cm.

Let's break this down:

1. Total edge length

For a cuboid, the total length of all the edges is given by:

4×(length+width+height)4 \times (\text{length} + \text{width} + \text{height})

Here, the cuboid has a square base, so the length and width are both xx, and the height is hh. The total edge length is:

4(x+x+h)=4(2x+h)4(x + x + h) = 4(2x + h)

We are given that the total length of the edges is 92 cm:

4(2x+h)=924(2x + h) = 92

Dividing both sides by 4:

2x+h=23(Equation 1)2x + h = 23 \quad \text{(Equation 1)}

2. Shortest path length

The ant travels from vertex A to vertex B on the surface. If the ant crawls along the cuboid, the shortest path from one vertex to another on a cuboid typically involves flattening part of the surface.

For a cuboid with a square base, the shortest path on the surface can be calculated by unfolding the cuboid. This is a classic problem where the shortest path is the diagonal across a rectangular face formed by two sides of the cuboid. In this case, the sides involved in the path are xx (the side of the base) and hh (the height).

The length of the diagonal (shortest path) is given by:

x2+h2=17(Equation 2)\sqrt{x^2 + h^2} = 17 \quad \text{(Equation 2)}

3. Solving the system of equations

We now have two equations:

  1. 2x+h=232x + h = 23
  2. x2+h2=17\sqrt{x^2 + h^2} = 17

Let's solve these step by step.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Geometry
Cuboids
Pythagorean Theorem
Surface Area

Formulas

Total length of edges of cuboid: 4(2x + h) = 92
Shortest path on the surface (diagonal): sqrt(x^2 + h^2) = 17

Theorems

Pythagorean Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grade 9-10