Math Problem Statement

The user uploaded an image containing four complex analysis problems involving conformal mapping, Cauchy integral formula, Laurent's theorem, and the Cauchy residue theorem.

Solution

Let's go through each problem one by one from the image you uploaded.

1. Conformal Mapping

You are asked to prove that the transformation w=2+iz4z+iw = \frac{2 + iz}{4z + i} maps the real axis in the zz-plane into a circle in the ww-plane. You also need to find the center and radius of the circle.

  • A conformal mapping preserves angles and locally behaves like a scaling transformation.
  • Begin by substituting z=xz = x, where xRx \in \mathbb{R} (since zz is real).
  • The result will give you a parametrized form of a circle in the ww-plane. Once you simplify, you'll find the equation of the circle and can determine its center and radius from there.

2. Cauchy Integral Formula

You need to apply the Cauchy integral formula to evaluate: C1e(z21)2(z+2)dz,\int_C \frac{1}{e^{(z^2 - 1)^2}(z + 2)} dz, where CC is a counterclockwise circle z1=3|z - 1| = 3.

  • The Cauchy Integral Formula states: f(a)=12πiCf(z)zadzf(a) = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \int_C \frac{f(z)}{z - a} dz for a function ff analytic inside and on a positively oriented contour CC.
  • The formula might require some algebraic manipulation of the integrand to apply it.

3. Laurent's Theorem

You are required to expand the function f(z)=1(z1)(z5)f(z) = \frac{1}{(z - 1)(z - 5)} at z=4z = 4, using the Taylor series expansion, and find the region of convergence.

  • A Laurent series is a representation of a complex function as a power series, which may include terms with negative powers.
  • You should expand the given function around z=4z = 4 and determine in which region the expansion converges (for example, in terms of radii of convergence from the singularities).

4. Cauchy Residue Theorem

Here, you are asked to use the Cauchy Residue Theorem to compute the contour integral: 0πdθ23sin(θ).\int_0^\pi \frac{d\theta}{2 - 3\sin(\theta)}.

  • The Residue Theorem states that for a meromorphic function, the contour integral around a closed curve CC is 2πi×2\pi i \times the sum of residues of the function inside CC.
  • Convert the integral into a complex contour integral by using the substitution z=eiθz = e^{i\theta}. The sine function sin(θ)\sin(\theta) can be expressed as: sin(θ)=zz12i.\sin(\theta) = \frac{z - z^{-1}}{2i}. Then, apply the Residue Theorem to solve the contour integral.

Would you like detailed solutions for any specific problem? Let me know which you'd like me to expand on!


Here are five questions that extend the above content:

  1. How does one compute the center and radius of a circle in the complex plane from a given transformation?
  2. What conditions must a function satisfy to apply the Cauchy Integral Formula?
  3. How do you determine the region of convergence for a Laurent series in different domains?
  4. What is the connection between real integrals and contour integrals in the complex plane?
  5. How does the residue at a pole of a function affect the contour integral?

Tip: Always look for symmetries in complex integrals—they can simplify contour integration dramatically!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Conformal Mapping
Complex Integration
Laurent Series
Residue Theorem

Formulas

Cauchy Integral Formula: f(a) = (1/2πi) ∫[C] f(z)/(z - a) dz
Laurent Series: f(z) = Σ an(z - c)^n
Residue Theorem: ∫[C] f(z) dz = 2πi Σ Res(f, z_k)

Theorems

Conformal Mapping Theorem
Cauchy Integral Formula
Laurent's Theorem
Cauchy Residue Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Mathematics (Complex Analysis)