Math Problem Statement

For the circuit shown in Figure 3, determine the following signals: (i) The currents i1, i2, i3, i4, and i5, (ii) The voltage at nodes A, B, and C.

Solution

To solve this problem, we need to determine:

  1. Currents i1,i2,i3,i4,i_1, i_2, i_3, i_4, and i5i_5 in the circuit.
  2. Voltages at nodes AA, BB, and CC.

Let's break down each part of the problem:

Step 1: Analyze Currents

We'll use Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) along with Ohm's law to find the unknown currents in each branch of the circuit.

Known Values:

  • V1=8VV_1 = 8 \, \text{V}
  • V2=12i5V_2 = 12 i_5 (controlled source)
  • V4=15VV_4 = 15 \, \text{V}
  • I1=3AI_1 = 3 \, \text{A}

Step 1.1: Node BB

Since I1=3AI_1 = 3 \, \text{A} flows downward through R1R_1, the current i1i_1 flowing from node AA to node BB and the current i2i_2 flowing from node BB to node CC can be related using Kirchhoff's Current Law at node BB: i1+i2=I1=3Ai_1 + i_2 = I_1 = 3 \, \text{A}

Step 1.2: Write Equations for Each Current

  1. For i3i_3: Apply KVL in the left loop (containing V1V_1, R2R_2, R4R_4, and the dependent source V2=12i5V_2 = 12 i_5).

  2. For i4i_4: Apply KVL in the right loop (containing R3R_3, R5R_5, R6R_6, and V4V_4).

  3. For i5i_5: Note that V2=12i5V_2 = 12 i_5, which will help solve for i5i_5 when we set up equations in each loop.

Step 2: Determine Voltages at Nodes AA, BB, and CC

Using the known voltages V1V_1, V4V_4, and the relationships derived from the currents, we can find the voltages at nodes AA, BB, and CC with respect to ground.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Circuit Analysis
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
Ohm's Law

Formulas

Kirchhoff's Current Law: ΣI_in = ΣI_out
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law: ΣV around a closed loop = 0
Ohm's Law: V = IR

Theorems

Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate (Electrical Engineering)