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In this system, a force of 12 lb is applied downward on the wrench at a distance of 8 inches from the center of the bolt. We need to calculate the moment (or torque) being applied to the bolt and determine the direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) in which the bolt is being turned.

### Moment Calculation:
The moment \( M \) is given by the formula:
\[
M = F \times d
\]
Where:
- \( F \) is the applied force (12 lb),
- \( d \) is the perpendicular distance from the point of force application to the center of the bolt (8 inches).

Let's calculate the moment in inch-pounds (in-lb):

\[
M = 12 \, \text{lb} \times 8 \, \text{in} = 96 \, \text{in-lb}
\]

### Direction of the Moment:
- The force is applied downward, and if we follow the wrench from its left end to the bolt (center), the force would cause the wrench to rotate **counterclockwise** around the bolt.

### Summary:
- The moment applied to the bolt is **96 in-lb**.
- The bolt is being turned **counterclockwise**.

Would you like more details, or do you have any questions about this?

Here are five related questions for further exploration:
1. How would the moment change if the force were applied at a different angle?
2. What would happen to the moment if the force was applied farther from the bolt?
3. How would the moment change if the force applied was reduced to 6 lb?
4. Can the moment be expressed in a different unit, such as foot-pounds?
5. What are the effects of increasing the bolt size on the torque required?

**Tip:** The moment is maximized when the force is applied perpendicularly to the lever arm, as seen in this problem.

In the above system, how much moment is being applied to the bolt? Is the bolt being turned clockwise or counterclockwise?

Learn how to calculate the torque applied to a bolt using a 12 lb force at an 8-inch distance from the center of the bolt. The torque is calculated to be 96 in-lb, with the wrench turning counterclockwise. Suitable for high school students learning about forces and rotational mechanics.

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