Math Problem Statement

The right-hand 87 𝑁 force is applied perfectly vertical (+y) at a distance 𝑑1 = 0.32 𝑚 from the axis of rotation of the wrench at an angle of 39 degrees. If the same force were to be applied at a distance 𝑑2 = 0.28 𝑚 from the axis instead (the left-hand force as shown), at what angle θ would this force need to be applied to produce the same torque or moment about the axis of rotation

Solution

To solve this problem, we need to equate the torque produced by the right-hand force at distance d1d_1 with the torque produced by the left-hand force at distance d2d_2, and find the required angle θ\theta for the left-hand force.

Step 1: Torque formula

The torque τ\tau produced by a force FF applied at a distance dd from an axis of rotation is given by: τ=Fdsin(ϕ)\tau = F \cdot d \cdot \sin(\phi) where ϕ\phi is the angle between the direction of the force and the lever arm (distance from the axis).

Step 2: Torque produced by the right-hand force

For the right-hand force:

  • Force F=87NF = 87 \, \text{N},
  • Distance d1=0.32md_1 = 0.32 \, \text{m},
  • Angle ϕ1=39\phi_1 = 39^\circ.

The torque produced by the right-hand force is: τ1=870.32sin(39)\tau_1 = 87 \cdot 0.32 \cdot \sin(39^\circ)

Step 3: Torque produced by the left-hand force

For the left-hand force:

  • Force F=87NF = 87 \, \text{N},
  • Distance d2=0.28md_2 = 0.28 \, \text{m},
  • Angle θ\theta (unknown).

The torque produced by the left-hand force is: τ2=870.28sin(θ)\tau_2 = 87 \cdot 0.28 \cdot \sin(\theta)

Step 4: Equating the torques

To produce the same torque, τ1=τ2\tau_1 = \tau_2. Thus: 870.32sin(39)=870.28sin(θ)87 \cdot 0.32 \cdot \sin(39^\circ) = 87 \cdot 0.28 \cdot \sin(\theta)

We can cancel the common factor 8787 from both sides: 0.32sin(39)=0.28sin(θ)0.32 \cdot \sin(39^\circ) = 0.28 \cdot \sin(\theta)

Step 5: Solving for sin(θ)\sin(\theta)

Now solve for sin(θ)\sin(\theta): sin(θ)=0.32sin(39)0.28\sin(\theta) = \frac{0.32 \cdot \sin(39^\circ)}{0.28}

Let's calculate this value.

Step 6: Calculation

Now I'll compute the value of θ\theta.The angle θ\theta at which the left-hand force should be applied to produce the same torque is approximately 4646^\circ.

Would you like further details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions you might explore:

  1. How does torque change if the force is applied at a different angle but with the same magnitude?
  2. What happens to the torque if the distance from the axis is doubled?
  3. How is torque related to rotational equilibrium in a system?
  4. How would the problem change if the force were applied at a downward angle?
  5. What is the effect of applying the force exactly perpendicular to the lever arm?

Tip: Always check whether the force direction is perpendicular to the lever arm for maximum torque efficiency.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Torque
Trigonometry
Rotational Mechanics

Formulas

Torque (τ) = F · d · sin(ϕ)
τ1 = τ2 for equilibrium condition

Theorems

Torque equilibrium
Sine function property

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12 (High School Physics)