Math Problem Statement

A certain reaction is second order in N2 and first order in H2. Use this information to complete the table below, ensuring each entry has the correct number of significant digits.

Solution

To solve this, let's use the provided information about the reaction orders. The reaction is given as:

  • Second-order in N2N_2
  • First-order in H2H_2

The rate law for such a reaction can be written as: [ \text{Rate} = k [\text{N}_2]^2 [\text{H}_2] ] where kk is the rate constant.

Given the first row in the table:

[ [\text{N}_2] = 2.13 , M, \quad [\text{H}_2] = 1.15 , M, \quad \text{Rate} = 69.0 , \text{M/s} ]

we can solve for kk as follows:

69.0=k(2.13)2(1.15)69.0 = k \cdot (2.13)^2 \cdot (1.15) Solving for kk will allow us to find the rate for the other two scenarios in the table.

Step 1: Calculate kk

  1. Square the concentration of N2\text{N}_2: (2.13)2=4.5369(2.13)^2 = 4.5369
  2. Multiply by the concentration of H2\text{H}_2: 4.5369×1.15=5.2174354.5369 \times 1.15 = 5.217435
  3. Solve for kk: k=69.05.21743513.23M2s1k = \frac{69.0}{5.217435} \approx 13.23 \, \text{M}^{-2}\text{s}^{-1}

Step 2: Use kk to Find Rates for the Other Rows

  1. Second row: [N2]=2.13M[\text{N}_2] = 2.13 \, M, [H2]=2.32M[\text{H}_2] = 2.32 \, M Rate=13.23×(2.13)2×(2.32)\text{Rate} = 13.23 \times (2.13)^2 \times (2.32) Calculating: Rate13.23×4.5369×2.32=139.9M/s\text{Rate} \approx 13.23 \times 4.5369 \times 2.32 = 139.9 \, \text{M/s}

  2. Third row: [N2]=3.48M[\text{N}_2] = 3.48 \, M, [H2]=0.703M[\text{H}_2] = 0.703 \, M Rate=13.23×(3.48)2×(0.703)\text{Rate} = 13.23 \times (3.48)^2 \times (0.703) Calculating: Rate13.23×12.1104×0.703=112.5M/s\text{Rate} \approx 13.23 \times 12.1104 \times 0.703 = 112.5 \, \text{M/s}

Final Table

[N2][ \text{N}_2 ][H2][ \text{H}_2 ]Initial Rate of Reaction (M/s)
2.13 M1.15 M69.0 M/s
2.13 M2.32 M139.9 M/s
3.48 M0.703 M112.5 M/s

Would you like further details on any of these calculations?


Related Questions:

  1. What happens to the reaction rate if the concentration of H2\text{H}_2 doubles?
  2. How would the rate change if the concentration of N2\text{N}_2 triples?
  3. What units does the rate constant kk have for a reaction of this order?
  4. Can you determine the reaction mechanism based on this rate law?
  5. How would the rate change if the temperature increased, assuming kk depends on temperature?

Tip: Remember, each reaction order corresponds to the exponent in the rate law for each reactant, influencing the rate’s sensitivity to changes in concentration.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Chemical Kinetics
Reaction Rates
Rate Laws
Significant Figures

Formulas

Rate = k [N2]^2 [H2]

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate - Chemistry