Math Problem Statement

Binomial expansion of (1-4x)^-1

Solution

To find the binomial expansion of (14x)1(1 - 4x)^{-1}, we can use the binomial series formula for a negative exponent, which is given by:

(1+x)n=k=0(nk)xk(1 + x)^n = \sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \binom{n}{k} x^k

For our case, n=1n = -1 and x=4xx = -4x. Let's expand it:

(14x)1=k=0(1k)(4x)k(1 - 4x)^{-1} = \sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \binom{-1}{k} (-4x)^k

To compute this, we use the general term (nk)=n(n1)(n2)(nk+1)k!\binom{n}{k} = \frac{n(n-1)(n-2)\dots(n-k+1)}{k!}. For n=1n = -1, we get:

(1k)=(1)(11)(12)(1(k1))k!\binom{-1}{k} = \frac{(-1)(-1-1)(-1-2)\dots(-1-(k-1))}{k!}

=(1)(2)(3)(k)k!=(1)kk!k!=(1)k= \frac{(-1)(-2)(-3)\dots(-k)}{k!} = \frac{(-1)^k k!}{k!} = (-1)^k

Thus, the expansion becomes:

(14x)1=k=0(1)k(4x)k(1 - 4x)^{-1} = \sum_{k=0}^{\infty} (-1)^k (-4x)^k

=k=04kxk= \sum_{k=0}^{\infty} 4^k x^k

Hence, the binomial expansion of (14x)1(1 - 4x)^{-1} is:

1+4x+16x2+64x3+256x4+1 + 4x + 16x^2 + 64x^3 + 256x^4 + \dots

This series converges for 4x<1|4x| < 1 or x<14|x| < \frac{1}{4}.

Would you like a detailed explanation of any specific part, or do you have any questions?


Relative Questions:

  1. What is the general term in the binomial expansion of (14x)1(1 - 4x)^{-1}?
  2. For which values of xx does the series for (14x)1(1 - 4x)^{-1} converge?
  3. How would you find the coefficient of x3x^3 in the expansion of (14x)1(1 - 4x)^{-1}?
  4. What is the binomial expansion of (1+4x)1(1 + 4x)^{-1}?
  5. How does the expansion of (1+x)2(1 + x)^{-2} differ from (1+x)1(1 + x)^{-1}?
  6. What is the radius of convergence of the series k=04kxk\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} 4^k x^k?
  7. How would you derive the binomial series formula for a negative exponent?
  8. Can the binomial series formula be applied to fractional exponents? How?

Tip:

When dealing with binomial expansions for negative or fractional exponents, ensure that the absolute value of the variable multiplied by the coefficient in the expression is less than 1 for convergence of the series.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Binomial theorem
Series expansion
Negative exponents

Formulas

Binomial series formula

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Advanced High School