Math Problem Statement
Find the velocity and position vectors, ~v(t) and ~c(t), given that ~a(t) = (0, 0, 6) with an initial velocity of (1, 1, −2) and initial position (3, 4, 0). For what value(s) of t does the particle touch the xy-plane?
Solution
We are given the acceleration vector , the initial velocity , and the initial position . We need to find the velocity vector , the position vector , and determine the time(s) when the particle touches the xy-plane.
Step 1: Find the velocity vector
Acceleration is the derivative of velocity, i.e.,
Since , integrate it with respect to time to find the velocity vector :
where is the initial velocity. So,
Thus, the velocity vector is:
Step 2: Find the position vector
Velocity is the derivative of position, i.e.,
Integrating the velocity vector with respect to time , we get the position vector :
This yields:
where is the initial position. So,
Thus, the position vector is:
Step 3: Find when the particle touches the xy-plane
The particle touches the xy-plane when its -coordinate is zero. From the position vector , the -coordinate is:
Set to find when the particle touches the xy-plane:
Factor the equation:
Thus, or .
Final Answer:
- The velocity vector is .
- The position vector is .
- The particle touches the xy-plane at and .
Would you like more details or have any questions about the steps? Here are some related questions to expand the topic:
- How do we derive the position vector from the velocity vector using integration?
- What is the physical interpretation of acceleration in this problem?
- How would the problem change if the initial velocity were different?
- What does the time represent in terms of motion and position?
- How could the method be applied to higher-dimensional motion problems?
Tip: When integrating acceleration to find velocity or velocity to find position, always include the constant of integration, which can be determined using initial conditions.
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Vector Calculus
Differential Equations
Integration
Kinematics
Formulas
\mathbf{a}(t) = \frac{d\mathbf{v}(t)}{dt}
\mathbf{v}(t) = \int \mathbf{a}(t) \, dt
\mathbf{c}(t) = \int \mathbf{v}(t) \, dt
Theorems
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Suitable Grade Level
Grades 11-12
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