Math Problem Statement

What is the unit digit of 1! + 3! + 5! + 7! + 9! + 11!?

Solution

The problem asks for the unit digit of the sum of factorials:

1!+3!+5!+7!+9!+11!1! + 3! + 5! + 7! + 9! + 11!

Let's calculate the unit digit of each factorial:

  1. 1!=11! = 1, so the unit digit is 1.
  2. 3!=3×2×1=63! = 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 6, so the unit digit is 6.
  3. 5!=5×4×3×2×1=1205! = 5 \times 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 120, so the unit digit is 0.
  4. 7!=7×6×5×4×3×2×1=50407! = 7 \times 6 \times 5 \times 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 5040, so the unit digit is 0.
  5. 9!=9×8×7×6×5×4×3×2×1=3628809! = 9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6 \times 5 \times 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 362880, so the unit digit is 0.
  6. 11!=11×10×9×8×7×6×5×4×3×2×1=3991680011! = 11 \times 10 \times 9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6 \times 5 \times 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 39916800, so the unit digit is 0.

Now, we sum the unit digits of these factorials: 1!+3!+5!+7!+9!+11!=1+6+0+0+0+0=71! + 3! + 5! + 7! + 9! + 11! = 1 + 6 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 7

Thus, the unit digit of the entire sum is 7.

Would you like more details on any part of the solution?

Here are 5 related questions for practice:

  1. What is the unit digit of 13!+15!+17!+19!13! + 15! + 17! + 19!?
  2. How does the factorial of numbers larger than 4 affect the unit digit?
  3. What is the unit digit of 2!+4!+6!+8!+10!2! + 4! + 6! + 8! + 10!?
  4. How can you generalize the behavior of factorials for determining unit digits?
  5. What is the unit digit of 100!+99!100! + 99!?

Tip: For any number n!>4!n! > 4!, the factorial will always have a unit digit of zero because the factorial includes the multiplication by 10.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Factorial
Number Theory

Formulas

Factorial n! = n × (n-1) × ... × 1

Theorems

Properties of Factorials
Modular Arithmetic for Unit Digits

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 7-9