The correct answer is:

B. A random sample is a sample obtained in such a way that every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.

Explanation:

In statistics, a random sample is taken so that each member of the entire population has an equal likelihood of being selected. This ensures that the sample is representative of the population, minimizing bias and increasing the reliability of the conclusions drawn from the data.

Would you like additional details on random sampling methods?

Related Questions:

1. What are some advantages of using a random sample over other sampling methods?
2. How does a random sample differ from a stratified sample?
3. Why is it important for each population member to have an equal chance of selection in random sampling?
4. What are some potential challenges of obtaining a true random sample?
5. How can technology assist in the process of generating a random sample?

Tip: Random sampling is often used to infer population characteristics while reducing the risk of selection bias.