Math Problem Statement
Solution
This problem concerns a surface of revolution in that results from rotating a Jordan curve around the -axis. Let me break down each part:
Part (a)
The goal is to show that the surface area of the surface is given by the integral: where is the radial coordinate, and is the differential arc length element along the curve .
Explanation:
For a surface of revolution, the formula for the surface area is obtained by rotating a curve around an axis (here, the -axis). The general formula for the surface area of revolution is: where is the distance from the curve to the axis of rotation (in this case, the -axis). The curve is parameterized in terms of arc length , and represents an infinitesimal element of this curve.
Thus, the formula is a general result for the surface area of revolution, obtained by integrating over the curve .
Part (b)
Now, we are tasked with using the result from part (a) to show that the surface area of a torus with radii is .
Explanation:
A torus can be described as the surface obtained by rotating a circle of radius (lying in the plane perpendicular to the -axis) around a circle of radius (centered on the -axis). Using cylindrical coordinates, the circle that is rotated has a radial distance , where is the angle parameter of the small circle of radius .
From part (a), the surface area formula is: For the torus, the radial distance , and we are integrating over the circular arc of length . Thus, the surface area of the torus is: This confirms the result.
Would you like a more detailed explanation or any clarifications on these concepts?
5 related questions:
- How is the arc length differential computed for a given curve ?
- How does the surface of revolution formula change for different axes of rotation?
- What is the difference between a solid torus and a surface torus in mathematical terms?
- How would you compute the volume of the torus using the same rotational principles?
- Can this surface area formula be generalized to other coordinate systems, such as spherical coordinates?
Tip:
When dealing with surfaces of revolution, always check the radial distance to the axis of rotation, as it directly impacts the surface area formula.
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Surface of revolution
Differential geometry
Integration
Formulas
Surface area of revolution: A(S) = 2π ∫_Γ ρ ds
Torus surface area: 4π²Rr
Theorems
Surface area formula for revolutions
Suitable Grade Level
Undergraduate Mathematics (Calculus and Geometry)
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