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### Question 1 (a)
**i.** Proficiency test scores of language learners  
**ii.** Working memory profiles of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Verbal STM, Visuo-spatial STM, Verbal WM, Visuo-spatial WM)

You are required to classify each of the variables as **qualitative/discrete/continuous** and identify their level of measurement (nominal/ordinal/interval/ratio).

- **i. Proficiency test scores of language learners**
  - **Classification**: Continuous
  - **Measurement level**: Interval (because proficiency test scores are measured on a scale where the difference between values is meaningful, but there's no true zero point).

- **ii. Working memory profiles**
  - **Verbal STM**: Continuous, Interval  
  - **Visuo-spatial STM**: Continuous, Interval  
  - **Verbal WM**: Continuous, Interval  
  - **Visuo-spatial WM**: Continuous, Interval  

The reason for considering all these as **interval** is that working memory scores, much like test scores, are measured on a scale with meaningful differences between points but lack a true zero.

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### Question 1 (b)
You need to:
**i.** Organize the given scores into a **relative frequency distribution**.  
**ii.** Represent the frequency distribution in a **histogram**.  
**iii.** Draw an **ogive** and find the percentage of students with scores below 85.

Let’s break it down:

Given Scores:  
80, 84, 100, 98, 96, 91, 115, 90, 94, 105, 92, 94, 89, 92, 94, 100, 105.

#### Step 1: Organize data into a frequency distribution
You can group the data into class intervals such as 80–85, 85–90, 90–95, etc., and calculate how many scores fall into each interval.

#### Step 2: Histogram  
A histogram will display the frequencies of the different score intervals.

#### Step 3: Ogive  
An ogive (cumulative frequency graph) will help calculate the percentage of students scoring below 85.

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### Question 2 (a)
**What do you mean by central tendency of data? Discuss the various measures of central tendency.**

- **Central tendency** refers to a central or typical value for a probability distribution. 
- **Measures**: Mean, median, and mode.
  - **Mean** is the arithmetic average.
  - **Median** is the middle value when data is arranged in order.
  - **Mode** is the value that appears most frequently.

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### Question 2 (b)
The given data represents pause length (milliseconds) at a particular point of a sentence for 16 subjects:
24, 19, 16, 21, 23, 26, 25, 22, 29.

You need to calculate the **mean**, **median**, and **mode**.

- **Mean** = \( \frac{\text{sum of all values}}{\text{number of values}} \)  
- **Median**: Sort the data and find the middle value.
- **Mode**: Find the most frequent value.

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### Question 3
You're asked to compute the **mean score** of 50 students based on the data provided (Mean for males and females, sample size). You will need to use weighted averages for this calculation. 

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Shall I start by calculating the values for Questions 1(b) and 2(b)?

Answer these questions from the provided exam paper.

Solve statistical problems covering central tendency, frequency distribution, histogram creation, ogive analysis, and calculating standard deviation. This exam is ideal for university students focusing on statistical data analysis.

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