Math Problem Statement

Solve the boundary value problem: PDE: u_xx + u_yy = 0, 0 < x < 1, 0 < y < 1/2; BC1: u_x(0, y) = 0, u_x(1, y) = 7cos(3πy), 0 ≤ y ≤ 1/2; BC2: u_y(x, 0) = -2cos(4πx) + x²(x - 1)², u(x, 1/2) = 0, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.

Solution

To solve the given boundary value problem:

Problem Breakdown:

  • PDE: uxx+uyy=0u_{xx} + u_{yy} = 0, for 0<x<10 < x < 1 and 0<y<120 < y < \frac{1}{2}.
  • Boundary Conditions:
    1. ux(0,y)=0u_x(0, y) = 0, ux(1,y)=7cos(3πy)u_x(1, y) = 7 \cos(3\pi y), for 0y120 \leq y \leq \frac{1}{2}.
    2. uy(x,0)=2cos(4πx)+x2(x1)2u_y(x, 0) = -2 \cos(4\pi x) + x^2(x-1)^2, u(x,12)=0u(x, \frac{1}{2}) = 0, for 0x10 \leq x \leq 1.

Solution Procedure:

This is a two-dimensional Laplace equation problem, solved by separation of variables.

  1. Assume a solution: u(x,y)=X(x)Y(y)u(x, y) = X(x)Y(y) Substituting into the PDE gives: X(x)X(x)+Y(y)Y(y)=0\frac{X''(x)}{X(x)} + \frac{Y''(y)}{Y(y)} = 0 Let: X(x)X(x)=λ,Y(y)Y(y)=λ\frac{X''(x)}{X(x)} = -\lambda, \quad \frac{Y''(y)}{Y(y)} = \lambda

  2. Solve X(x)X(x) and Y(y)Y(y):

    • For X(x)X(x): X(x)+λX(x)=0X''(x) + \lambda X(x) = 0.
    • For Y(y)Y(y): Y(y)λY(y)=0Y''(y) - \lambda Y(y) = 0.
  3. Apply the boundary conditions to determine the eigenvalues (λ\lambda) and construct the general solution: u(x,y)=n=1(Ancos(λnx)+Bnsin(λnx))(Cneλny+Dneλny)u(x, y) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty \left( A_n \cos(\sqrt{\lambda_n}x) + B_n \sin(\sqrt{\lambda_n}x) \right) \left( C_n e^{\sqrt{\lambda_n}y} + D_n e^{-\sqrt{\lambda_n}y} \right)

  4. Boundary Condition Application:

    • From ux(0,y)=0u_x(0, y) = 0, we determine that An=0A_n = 0 for all nn, as the derivative at x=0x = 0 must vanish.
    • The boundary conditions ux(1,y)=7cos(3πy)u_x(1, y) = 7\cos(3\pi y) and uy(x,0)=2cos(4πx)+x2(x1)2u_y(x, 0) = -2\cos(4\pi x) + x^2(x-1)^2 will dictate the coefficients Bn,Cn,DnB_n, C_n, D_n.
  5. Use orthogonal expansion:

    • Expand the given boundary functions in Fourier series to match the form of the eigenfunctions.
  6. Solve for the coefficients Bn,Cn,DnB_n, C_n, D_n by comparing terms.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Partial Differential Equations
Boundary Value Problems
Laplace's Equation
Fourier Series Expansion

Formulas

u_xx + u_yy = 0 (Laplace's equation)
Separation of variables: u(x, y) = X(x)Y(y)
Fourier series expansion to satisfy boundary conditions

Theorems

Superposition principle for linear PDEs
Eigenvalue problem for separation of variables
Orthogonality of sine and cosine functions in Fourier series

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Mathematics or Advanced High School (AP Calculus or beyond)