Math Problem Statement

Question 4 (11 marks] The quantization signal to noise ratio is defined as Signal Power SNR = 10 log10 Noise Power where Vrms is the root mean square voltage of the signal and Vrms, noise is the root mean square voltage of the noise. Vrms 20 log10 Vrms, noise The expectation of the squared quantization noise, e is given by 4/2 E{e?} €²de -A/2 where A is the quantization step size equal to the LSB. (a) What is the RMS value of the noise of your A/D? (Give your answer to 3 signifi- cant figures) [6 marks] (b) Given the peak-to-peak voltage of the A/D is equivalent to 2v2Vrms. What is the RMS of the input voltage? [2 marks] (c) What is the SNR of your A/D? [2 marks] (d) The SNR of any A/D is also given by 6.02N + 1.76 dB, where N is the number of bits, calculate the SNR of your A/D using this formula [1 mark]

Solution

This problem deals with the quantization signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). Let's break it down step by step.

(a) RMS value of the noise of the A/D [6 marks]

The expectation of the squared quantization noise, E{e2}E\{e^2\}, is given by:

E{e2}=1AA/2A/2e2deE\{e^2\} = \frac{1}{A} \int_{-A/2}^{A/2} e^2 \, de

where AA is the quantization step size, which is equal to the Least Significant Bit (LSB).

The RMS value of the quantization noise, Vrms, noiseV_{\text{rms, noise}}, is the square root of this expectation:

Vrms, noise=E{e2}V_{\text{rms, noise}} = \sqrt{E\{e^2\}}

Given that for a uniform distribution of the quantization error:

Vrms, noise=A12V_{\text{rms, noise}} = \frac{A}{\sqrt{12}}

So the RMS value of the noise is A12\frac{A}{\sqrt{12}}. Since AA is the quantization step size (LSB), you would need the specific value of AA to calculate this.

(b) RMS of the input voltage [2 marks]

Given the peak-to-peak voltage VppV_{\text{pp}} is equivalent to 22Vrms2\sqrt{2} V_{\text{rms}}:

Vrms=Vpp22V_{\text{rms}} = \frac{V_{\text{pp}}}{2\sqrt{2}}

So the RMS value of the input voltage VrmsV_{\text{rms}} is given by:

Vrms=Vpp22V_{\text{rms}} = \frac{V_{\text{pp}}}{2\sqrt{2}}

(c) SNR of your A/D [2 marks]

The SNR can be calculated using the formula:

SNR=20log10(VrmsVrms, noise)\text{SNR} = 20 \log_{10} \left( \frac{V_{\text{rms}}}{V_{\text{rms, noise}}} \right)

Substituting the values:

SNR=20log10(VrmsA12)\text{SNR} = 20 \log_{10} \left( \frac{V_{\text{rms}}}{\frac{A}{\sqrt{12}}} \right)

(d) SNR using the formula 6.02N+1.76 dB6.02N + 1.76 \text{ dB} [1 mark]

Given that the SNR is also given by:

SNR=6.02N+1.76 dB\text{SNR} = 6.02N + 1.76 \text{ dB}

Where NN is the number of bits of the ADC. Plug in the value of NN to calculate the SNR.


Next Steps:

  1. Clarify or find the value of the quantization step size AA (LSB) to calculate the exact RMS noise value.
  2. Identify the number of bits NN in the ADC to compute the SNR using the formula in part (d).
  3. Verify the peak-to-peak voltage VppV_{\text{pp}} to determine the RMS value of the input voltage.
  4. Recalculate the SNR in part (c) with the correct VrmsV_{\text{rms}} and Vrms, noiseV_{\text{rms, noise}} values.
  5. Consider how the uniform distribution of quantization noise affects the SNR.

Tip:

For accurate calculations, always ensure the units and conversions are correct, especially when dealing with logarithmic scales like decibels (dB).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Analog-to-Digital Conversion
Quantization
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
Root Mean Square (RMS)
Logarithmic Scales

Formulas

SNR formula: SNR = 20 log10 (Vrms / Vrms, noise)
RMS of quantization noise: Vrms, noise = A / sqrt(12)
Peak-to-peak voltage to RMS voltage: Vrms = Vpp / (2 sqrt(2))
SNR formula in dB: SNR = 6.02N + 1.76 dB

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Advanced Undergraduate