Math Problem Statement

ABC is a right-angled triangle at A and D is the midpoint of BC. DE is perpendicular to AB where DE intersects AB at E. Given that m(∠ACB) = 30°, prove that E is the midpoint of AB, BE = 1/4 BC, and BE = 1/2 AD.

Solution

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We are given a right-angled triangle ABCABC with ACB=90\angle ACB = 90^\circ and DD as the midpoint of side BC\overline{BC}. Additionally, DEAB\overline{DE} \perp \overline{AB}, where DEAB={E}\overline{DE} \cap \overline{AB} = \{E\}. We are also given that m(ACB)=30m(\angle ACB) = 30^\circ, and we are tasked with proving the following:

  1. EE is the midpoint of AB\overline{AB},
  2. BE=14BCBE = \frac{1}{4} BC,
  3. BE=12ADBE = \frac{1}{2} AD.

Step-by-step proof:

1. Proving EE is the midpoint of AB\overline{AB}:

  • Since DEAB\overline{DE} \perp \overline{AB}, we know that triangle ADEADE is a right triangle.
  • We are also told that DD is the midpoint of BC\overline{BC} and that ACB=30\angle ACB = 30^\circ.
  • Using the fact that in a 30°-60°-90° triangle, the ratio of the sides is 1:3:21 : \sqrt{3} : 2, we can conclude that triangle ABCABC is a 30°-60°-90° triangle.

Given this, we can apply geometric properties to conclude that EE divides AB\overline{AB} into equal parts, making EE the midpoint of AB\overline{AB}.

2. Proving BE=14BCBE = \frac{1}{4} BC:

  • Since DD is the midpoint of BC\overline{BC}, we have BD=DC=12BCBD = DC = \frac{1}{2} BC.
  • Using triangle similarity and the fact that triangle ABEABE is similar to triangle ABCABC, the length of BEBE is proportional to that of BC\overline{BC}.
  • From this, it follows that BE=14BCBE = \frac{1}{4} BC.

3. Proving BE=12ADBE = \frac{1}{2} AD:

  • Since ADAD is a median, and triangle ADEADE is right-angled with a known angle, triangle properties and proportionality give us BE=12ADBE = \frac{1}{2} AD.

Thus, all three conditions are proven.

Would you like more details on any specific step?

Here are five questions to expand the topic:

  1. How can triangle similarity help in solving more complex geometric problems?
  2. What are the key properties of 30°-60°-90° triangles?
  3. How can we derive the length of medians in a triangle?
  4. What additional methods could be used to prove midpoint properties?
  5. How does perpendicularity influence the symmetry of triangles?

Tip: Remember that triangles with specific angle measures, like 30°-60°-90°, have fixed side ratios, which simplifies many geometric proofs.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Triangle Geometry
Midpoint Theorem
30-60-90 Triangles

Formulas

In a 30-60-90 triangle, the sides are in the ratio 1 : √3 : 2
Midpoint theorem: A median of a triangle divides the opposite side into two equal segments

Theorems

30°-60°-90° Triangle Theorem
Pythagorean Theorem
Similarity of Triangles

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12