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The problem is asking for the probability of getting either the same number on both dice or a sum of 5 when rolling two dice, one red and one white.

### Step 1: Possible Outcomes
There are 6 faces on each die, so there are a total of \(6 \times 6 = 36\) possible outcomes when rolling two dice.

### Step 2: Favorable Outcomes
1. **Same Number on Both Dice:** The pairs (1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5), and (6,6) are all possibilities. There are 6 such outcomes.
2. **Sum of 5:**
   - (1,4)
   - (2,3)
   - (3,2)
   - (4,1)

   These give us a total of 4 outcomes.

### Step 3: Combining Favorable Outcomes
We now need to combine these two conditions. Notice that none of the outcomes where the dice show the same number also have a sum of 5, so we can simply add the two counts together.

- Total favorable outcomes = 6 (same numbers) + 4 (sum of 5) = 10 outcomes.

### Step 4: Calculate Probability
The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the total number of possible outcomes:

\[
\text{Probability} = \frac{10}{36} = \frac{5}{18}
\]

### Answer
The correct answer is **e. \( \frac{5}{18} \)**.

Would you like any details or have any further questions?

Here are 5 related questions to consider:
1. What is the probability of rolling a sum of 7 with two dice?
2. How many possible outcomes result in a sum of 10?
3. What is the probability of rolling two dice and getting a sum of 2 or 12?
4. If you roll three dice, what is the probability that all three will show the same number?
5. How does the probability change if the dice are biased?

**Tip:** Always check if events overlap (i.e., double-counting) when calculating probabilities for combined events like this.

Sepasang dadu warna merah dan putih dilemparkan bersama-sama. Peluang mendapatkan dua mata dadu dengan bilangan sama atau berjumlah 5 adalah ....

Learn how to calculate the probability of rolling two dice, where the result is either the same number or the sum equals 5. This problem uses basic probability concepts and covers the combinatorics involved in determining possible outcomes. Suitable for students in Grades 7-9.

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