To prepare 500 mL of a 1 M BaCl₂·2H₂O (Barium Chloride Dihydrate) solution, follow these steps:

Materials Required:

• BaCl₂·2H₂O (Barium Chloride Dihydrate)
• Distilled water
• A balance (to measure mass)
• A 500 mL volumetric flask or graduated cylinder
• A stirring rod or magnetic stirrer

Procedure:

1. Calculate the Mass of BaCl₂·2H₂O Required:

   • Molarity (M) = 1 M
   • Volume (V) = 500 mL = 0.5 L
   • Molar mass of BaCl₂·2H₂O = 244 g/mol
   • Mass (m) = Molarity (M) × Volume (V) × Molar Mass (Mᵣ) $m = 1 \, \text{M} \times 0.5 \, \text{L} \times 244 \, \text{g/mol} = 122 \, \text{g}$ You will need 122 g of BaCl₂·2H₂O.

2. Weigh the Solid:

   • Using a balance, accurately weigh 122 g of BaCl₂·2H₂O.

3. Dissolve the BaCl₂·2H₂O in Water:

   • Transfer the weighed BaCl₂·2H₂O into a 500 mL volumetric flask.
   • Add distilled water gradually to the flask while gently stirring to help dissolve the solid.

4. Make up to the Mark:

   • Once the solid is fully dissolved, continue to add distilled water until the solution reaches the 500 mL mark on the volumetric flask.

5. Mix the Solution:

   • Cap the flask and invert it several times or stir well to ensure the solution is homogeneous.

Your 500 mL of 1 M BaCl₂·2H₂O solution is now ready for use.

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Related Questions:

1. How would you prepare a 0.5 M solution of BaCl₂·2H₂O instead?
2. What safety precautions should you take while handling BaCl₂·2H₂O?
3. How does the presence of water of hydration (H₂O) in BaCl₂·2H₂O affect the molar mass? 4