Math Problem Statement

Given f(x, y) = -3x^6 + 5x^2y^3 + 3y^2, find fx(x, y), fy(x, y), fxx(x, y), and fxy(x, y).

Solution

Let's solve each of the partial derivatives step-by-step for the given function:

Given: f(x,y)=3x6+5x2y3+3y2f(x, y) = -3x^6 + 5x^2 y^3 + 3y^2

We are asked to find the following derivatives:

Step 1: Calculate fx(x,y)f_x(x, y) (Partial derivative with respect to xx)

Differentiate f(x,y)f(x, y) with respect to xx, treating yy as a constant.

fx(x,y)=x(3x6+5x2y3+3y2)f_x(x, y) = \frac{\partial}{\partial x}(-3x^6 + 5x^2 y^3 + 3y^2)

Calculating each term:

  • For 3x6-3x^6: x(3x6)=18x5\frac{\partial}{\partial x}(-3x^6) = -18x^5
  • For 5x2y35x^2 y^3: x(5x2y3)=10xy3\frac{\partial}{\partial x}(5x^2 y^3) = 10x y^3
  • For 3y23y^2: x(3y2)=0\frac{\partial}{\partial x}(3y^2) = 0 (since it is independent of xx)

So, fx(x,y)=18x5+10xy3f_x(x, y) = -18x^5 + 10x y^3

Step 2: Calculate fy(x,y)f_y(x, y) (Partial derivative with respect to yy)

Differentiate f(x,y)f(x, y) with respect to yy, treating xx as a constant.

fy(x,y)=y(3x6+5x2y3+3y2)f_y(x, y) = \frac{\partial}{\partial y}(-3x^6 + 5x^2 y^3 + 3y^2)

Calculating each term:

  • For 3x6-3x^6: y(3x6)=0\frac{\partial}{\partial y}(-3x^6) = 0 (since it is independent of yy)
  • For 5x2y35x^2 y^3: y(5x2y3)=15x2y2\frac{\partial}{\partial y}(5x^2 y^3) = 15x^2 y^2
  • For 3y23y^2: y(3y2)=6y\frac{\partial}{\partial y}(3y^2) = 6y

So, fy(x,y)=15x2y2+6yf_y(x, y) = 15x^2 y^2 + 6y

Step 3: Calculate fxx(x,y)f_{xx}(x, y) (Second partial derivative with respect to xx)

Differentiate fx(x,y)f_x(x, y) with respect to xx again.

fxx(x,y)=x(18x5+10xy3)f_{xx}(x, y) = \frac{\partial}{\partial x}(-18x^5 + 10x y^3)

Calculating each term:

  • For 18x5-18x^5: x(18x5)=90x4\frac{\partial}{\partial x}(-18x^5) = -90x^4
  • For 10xy310x y^3: x(10xy3)=10y3\frac{\partial}{\partial x}(10x y^3) = 10 y^3

So, fxx(x,y)=90x4+10y3f_{xx}(x, y) = -90x^4 + 10 y^3

Step 4: Calculate fxy(x,y)f_{xy}(x, y) (Mixed partial derivative with respect to xx and yy)

Differentiate fx(x,y)f_x(x, y) with respect to yy.

fxy(x,y)=y(18x5+10xy3)f_{xy}(x, y) = \frac{\partial}{\partial y}(-18x^5 + 10x y^3)

Calculating each term:

  • For 18x5-18x^5: y(18x5)=0\frac{\partial}{\partial y}(-18x^5) = 0 (independent of yy)
  • For 10xy310x y^3: y(10xy3)=30xy2\frac{\partial}{\partial y}(10x y^3) = 30x y^2

So, fxy(x,y)=30xy2f_{xy}(x, y) = 30x y^2

Summary of Results

  • fx(x,y)=18x5+10xy3f_x(x, y) = -18x^5 + 10x y^3
  • fy(x,y)=15x2y2+6yf_y(x, y) = 15x^2 y^2 + 6y
  • fxx(x,y)=90x4+10y3f_{xx}(x, y) = -90x^4 + 10 y^3
  • fxy(x,y)=30xy2f_{xy}(x, y) = 30x y^2

Would you like any further details or explanations on these steps?


Here are five follow-up questions related to this problem:

  1. How would you find fyy(x,y)f_{yy}(x, y), the second partial derivative with respect to yy?
  2. What is the significance of the mixed partial derivative fxyf_{xy} in multivariable calculus?
  3. How does the function f(x,y)f(x, y) behave for large values of xx and yy?
  4. Can you interpret the meaning of these partial derivatives in a physical context?
  5. What is the importance of second partial derivatives in determining concavity and convexity?

Tip: In multivariable calculus, when calculating mixed partial derivatives, be consistent with differentiating terms involving both variables step-by-step to avoid errors.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Multivariable Calculus
Partial Derivatives

Formulas

fx(x, y) = ∂f/∂x
fy(x, y) = ∂f/∂y
fxx(x, y) = ∂^2f/∂x^2
fxy(x, y) = ∂^2f/∂x∂y

Theorems

Partial Derivative Properties

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Calculus