Math Problem Statement

Use the Trapezoidal Rule, the Midpoint Rule, and Simpson's Rule to approximate the given integral with the specified value of n. (Round your answers to six decimal places.) 2

0 ex 9 + x2 dx, n = 10 (a) the Trapezoidal Rule

Incorrect: Your answer is incorrect.

(b) the Midpoint Rule

Incorrect: Your answer is incorrect.

(c) Simpson's Rule

Solution

Let's compute the approximate value of the integral:

02ex9+x2dx\int_0^2 \frac{e^x}{9 + x^2} \, dx

using the Trapezoidal Rule, the Midpoint Rule, and Simpson's Rule with n=10n = 10.

Step-by-Step Process:

  1. Define the function: f(x)=ex9+x2f(x) = \frac{e^x}{9 + x^2}

  2. Divide the interval [0,2][0, 2] into n=10n = 10 subintervals: Δx=2010=0.2\Delta x = \frac{2 - 0}{10} = 0.2

(a) Trapezoidal Rule

The Trapezoidal Rule is given by: Tn=Δx2[f(x0)+2i=1n1f(xi)+f(xn)]T_n = \frac{\Delta x}{2} \left[f(x_0) + 2 \sum_{i=1}^{n-1} f(x_i) + f(x_n)\right]

(b) Midpoint Rule

The Midpoint Rule is given by: Mn=Δxi=1nf(xi1+xi2)M_n = \Delta x \sum_{i=1}^{n} f\left(\frac{x_{i-1} + x_i}{2}\right)

(c) Simpson's Rule

Simpson's Rule is given by: Sn=Δx3[f(x0)+4i=1,3,5,n1f(xi)+2i=2,4,6,n2f(xi)+f(xn)]S_n = \frac{\Delta x}{3} \left[f(x_0) + 4 \sum_{i=1,3,5,\ldots}^{n-1} f(x_i) + 2 \sum_{i=2,4,6,\ldots}^{n-2} f(x_i) + f(x_n)\right]

Let's now compute these values.Here are the approximations for the integral 02ex9+x2dx\int_0^2 \frac{e^x}{9 + x^2} \, dx using n=10n = 10:

(a) Trapezoidal Rule: Tn0.589164T_n \approx 0.589164

(b) Midpoint Rule: Mn0.587753M_n \approx 0.587753

(c) Simpson's Rule: Sn0.588225S_n \approx 0.588225

Would you like further details or clarifications?

Here are 5 questions to consider:

  1. How does the accuracy of the Midpoint Rule compare to the Trapezoidal Rule?
  2. Why is Simpson's Rule generally more accurate than the other two methods?
  3. What happens to the accuracy of each rule as nn increases?
  4. How can you derive the formulas for these numerical methods?
  5. Are there scenarios where the Trapezoidal or Midpoint Rule might outperform Simpson's Rule?

Tip: For most problems, Simpson's Rule often gives the best results, but it requires an even number of intervals.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Numerical Integration
Trapezoidal Rule
Midpoint Rule
Simpson's Rule
Definite Integrals

Formulas

Trapezoidal Rule: T_n = (Δx/2) * [f(x_0) + 2 * Σ f(x_i) + f(x_n)]
Midpoint Rule: M_n = Δx * Σ f((x_{i-1} + x_i)/2)
Simpson's Rule: S_n = (Δx/3) * [f(x_0) + 4 * Σ f(x_i) + 2 * Σ f(x_i) + f(x_n)]

Theorems

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Simpson's Rule Accuracy

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate - Calculus