Math Problem Statement

Using rectangular, trapezoidal, simpson's

Using rectangular, trapezoidal, Simpson's rule to solve the integral ∫₀² (e^x / (1 + x²)) dx with n = 10.

Solution

You provided an integral 02ex1+x2dx\int_0^2 \frac{e^x}{1+x^2} dx with n=10n = 10. You are likely asking to solve this integral numerically using three methods: rectangular (midpoint), trapezoidal, and Simpson's rule, with 10 subdivisions (n=10n = 10).

I will first break down how each method works and then calculate the result for the given integral:

  1. Rectangular Rule (Midpoint Method): Approximates the integral by summing the areas of rectangles, where the height is determined by the function value at the midpoint of each subinterval.
  2. Trapezoidal Rule: Approximates the integral by summing the areas of trapezoids under the curve.
  3. Simpson’s Rule: Combines parabolic arcs through pairs of points, offering more accuracy than the other two methods.

Let me now compute these three approximations for the given integral.The numerical approximations for the integral 02ex1+x2dx\int_0^2 \frac{e^x}{1+x^2} dx using n=10n = 10 subdivisions are as follows:

  1. Rectangular Rule (Midpoint Method): 2.66442.6644
  2. Trapezoidal Rule: 2.66082.6608
  3. Simpson's Rule: 2.66322.6632

Would you like further clarification on these methods or more details on the calculations?

Here are some related questions for deeper exploration:

  1. How does increasing the number of subdivisions (nn) improve the accuracy of each method?
  2. Why does Simpson's rule generally provide a more accurate result compared to the rectangular and trapezoidal rules?
  3. What are the limitations of using these numerical methods for more complex integrals?
  4. How would the results change if the integral limits were different?
  5. Can these methods be applied to improper integrals, and if so, how?

Tip: Simpson's rule works best when the function being integrated is smooth and can be well-approximated by parabolas over small intervals.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Numerical Integration
Rectangular Rule
Trapezoidal Rule
Simpson's Rule
Exponential Function

Formulas

Rectangular Rule: Approximation = h * Σ f(midpoints)
Trapezoidal Rule: Approximation = (h / 2) * [f(a) + 2 * Σ f(x_i) + f(b)]
Simpson's Rule: Approximation = (h / 3) * [f(a) + 4 * Σ f(odd x_i) + 2 * Σ f(even x_i) + f(b)]

Theorems

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Simpson’s Rule for Numerical Integration

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate level or AP Calculus