Math Problem Statement

¬(q ⇒ ¬p) ⇒ (¬p ∨ q)

Solution

The logical expression in the image is:

¬(q¬p)(¬pq)\neg (q \Rightarrow \neg p) \Rightarrow (\neg p \lor q)

Let’s break it down and simplify:

Step 1: Rewrite the implications using logical equivalences.

The implication q¬pq \Rightarrow \neg p can be rewritten as: q¬p¬q¬pq \Rightarrow \neg p \equiv \neg q \lor \neg p So the expression becomes: ¬(¬q¬p)(¬pq)\neg (\neg q \lor \neg p) \Rightarrow (\neg p \lor q)

Step 2: Apply De Morgan's law to the negation.

De Morgan's law tells us that: ¬(¬q¬p)qp\neg (\neg q \lor \neg p) \equiv q \land p Now the expression is: (qp)(¬pq)(q \land p) \Rightarrow (\neg p \lor q)

Step 3: Analyze the implication.

The expression (qp)(¬pq)(q \land p) \Rightarrow (\neg p \lor q) holds true because:

  • qpq \land p implies both qq and pp are true.
  • The right side ¬pq\neg p \lor q will be true because either qq is true (which it is if qpq \land p holds) or ¬p\neg p is true (which doesn't need to hold if qq is already true).

Thus, this expression is a tautology (always true).

Let me know if you'd like a further breakdown or explanation of any step!


Here are 5 related questions that may help you deepen your understanding:

  1. How does De Morgan's law work in logical expressions?
  2. What other equivalent transformations are possible in propositional logic?
  3. Can you provide an example where qpq \land p is false, and verify if the implication still holds?
  4. What are the truth table results for this expression?
  5. How does implication (\Rightarrow) relate to disjunction (\lor) in logic?

Tip: Always convert implications to disjunctions in order to simplify complex logical expressions.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Propositional Logic
Logical Equivalences
Implication
Disjunction
Conjunction
Negation

Formulas

Implication equivalence: q ⇒ ¬p ≡ ¬q ∨ ¬p
De Morgan's law: ¬(¬q ∨ ¬p) ≡ q ∧ p

Theorems

De Morgan's Law
Implication and Disjunction Relationship
Tautology Analysis

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Level (Discrete Mathematics)