Math Problem Statement

Suppose the function f(x) = -x^2 + 4x - k and g(x) = x^2 - kx + 4 intersects at most at one point, where k ∈ Z. Find the possible number of values of k.

Solution

The problem in the image involves two functions, f(x)=x2+4xkf(x) = -x^2 + 4x - k and g(x)=x2kx+4g(x) = x^2 - kx + 4, and we are tasked with finding how many values of kZk \in \mathbb{Z} allow these functions to intersect at most at one point.

Steps to Solve:

  1. Set the functions equal to each other:
    To find the points of intersection, we need to solve the equation f(x)=g(x)f(x) = g(x). That gives:
    x2+4xk=x2kx+4-x^2 + 4x - k = x^2 - kx + 4

  2. Simplify the equation:
    Rearranging all terms to one side: x2+4xkx2+kx4=0-x^2 + 4x - k - x^2 + kx - 4 = 0 Combine like terms: 2x2+(4+k)x(k+4)=0-2x^2 + (4 + k)x - (k + 4) = 0

    This is a quadratic equation in terms of xx, which we can solve using the quadratic formula.

  3. Discriminant Condition:
    Since we are asked to find when the functions intersect at most at one point, we need the discriminant of this quadratic to be non-positive (i.e., Δ0\Delta \leq 0).

    The discriminant for a quadratic equation ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0 is given by: Δ=b24ac\Delta = b^2 - 4ac Here, a=2a = -2, b=4+kb = 4 + k, and c=(k+4)c = -(k + 4).

    Substituting into the discriminant formula: Δ=(4+k)24(2)((k+4))\Delta = (4 + k)^2 - 4(-2)(-(k + 4)) Simplifying: Δ=(4+k)28(k+4)\Delta = (4 + k)^2 - 8(k + 4) Expand both terms: Δ=16+8k+k28k32\Delta = 16 + 8k + k^2 - 8k - 32 Simplify: Δ=k216\Delta = k^2 - 16

  4. Solve for the Discriminant:
    For at most one point of intersection, we need Δ0\Delta \leq 0. So: k2160k^2 - 16 \leq 0 This simplifies to: k216k^2 \leq 16 Hence, 4k4-4 \leq k \leq 4.

  5. Conclusion:
    The integer values of kk are 4,3,2,1,0,1,2,3,4-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. So, there are 9 possible values of kk.

The final answer is 9.


Would you like further explanation on any step or need more details?

Here are 5 related questions for further practice:

  1. What would happen if the discriminant was strictly greater than 0?
  2. How does the number of intersections change if Δ>0\Delta > 0?
  3. Could these functions intersect at exactly two points? Why or why not?
  4. What is the geometric interpretation of the condition Δ0\Delta \leq 0?
  5. How would the solution change if one of the functions had an additional linear term?

Tip: When solving for intersections of curves, always check the discriminant of the resulting quadratic equation—this gives you the number of intersection points.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Algebra
Quadratic Equations
Intersection of Curves

Formulas

Quadratic equation formula ax^2 + bx + c = 0
Discriminant: Δ = b^2 - 4ac

Theorems

Quadratic formula
Discriminant conditions for intersection

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11