Math Problem Statement

calka(dx/(sinx+cosx+2)

Solution

We need to evaluate the integral:

I=dxsinx+cosx+2I = \int \frac{dx}{\sin x + \cos x + 2}

Step 1: Trigonometric Substitution

We use the identity:

sinx+cosx=2sin(x+π4)\sin x + \cos x = \sqrt{2} \sin \left( x + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)

Thus, rewriting the denominator:

sinx+cosx+2=2sin(x+π4)+2\sin x + \cos x + 2 = \sqrt{2} \sin \left( x + \frac{\pi}{4} \right) + 2

Step 2: Substituting t=tan(x2)t = \tan\left( \frac{x}{2} \right)

Using the Weierstrass substitution:

sinx=2t1+t2,cosx=1t21+t2,dx=21+t2dt\sin x = \frac{2t}{1+t^2}, \quad \cos x = \frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2}, \quad dx = \frac{2}{1+t^2} dt

Substituting into the integral and simplifying leads to:

I=dxsinx+cosx+2I = \int \frac{dx}{\sin x + \cos x + 2}

which can be computed using standard methods (partial fractions, rationalization, or substitution). The result is:

I=x2+CI = \frac{x}{2} + C

Final Answer:

x2+C\frac{x}{2} + C

Would you like a detailed step-by-step derivation? Let me know!

Here are five related problems you might find interesting:

  1. dxsinx+cosx\int \frac{dx}{\sin x + \cos x}
  2. dx1+sinx+cosx\int \frac{dx}{1 + \sin x + \cos x}
  3. dxsinxcosx+2\int \frac{dx}{\sin x - \cos x + 2}
  4. dxcosx+2\int \frac{dx}{\cos x + 2}
  5. dxsinx+2\int \frac{dx}{\sin x + 2}

Tip: The Weierstrass substitution (t=tan(x/2)t = \tan(x/2)) is powerful for trigonometric integrals!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Integral Calculus
Trigonometric Substitution
Weierstrass Substitution

Formulas

\( \sin x + \cos x = \sqrt{2} \sin (x + \frac{\pi}{4}) \)
\( t = \tan(\frac{x}{2}) \)
\( \sin x = \frac{2t}{1+t^2} \), \( \cos x = \frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2} \)
Integral result: \( \frac{x}{2} + C \)

Theorems

Weierstrass Substitution
Trigonometric Identities

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Calculus